Abstract

Context

Despite previous studies regarding the association between smoking and diabetes, the effects of electronic cigarettes and secondhand smoke (SHS) on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity have not been fully elucidated.

Objective

To examine the association of mixed electronic and conventional cigarette use and exposure to SHS with prediabetes.

Design

Data from the 2014-2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed.

Setting

Nationwide population-based.

Participants

Of 39 199 participants, 22 385 participants (9490 men, 12 895 women) without diabetes were included. The main independent variables were smoking behaviors, including exposure to SHS.

Interventions

None.

Main Outcome Measures

Prediabetes (hemoglobin A1C of 5.7-6.4%).

Results

Of 22 385 participants without diabetes, 6735 had prediabetes. Mixed cigarette use was associated with a 1.57-fold increase in the odds of prediabetes when compared with never-smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.29-1.92] and a 1.27-fold increase when compared with conventional cigarette use only (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.07-1.52). Participants who were current nonsmokers, but mixed users in the past had an increased risk of prediabetes (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.04-2.13). There was no significant association between prediabetes and current nonsmoking in individuals with previous conventional cigarette use only. Among never-smokers, exposure to SHS significantly increased the risk of prediabetes (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.04-1.30).

Conclusions

Mixed use of electronic and conventional cigarettes and exposure to SHS increased the risk of prediabetes. Further studies are required to comprehensively investigate the molecular biology underlying the effects of previous and current mixed use of electronic cigarettes and SHS on glucose metabolism.

中文翻译：

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混合使用电子香烟和传统香烟以及接触二手烟与糖尿病前期的关联

摘要

语境

尽管之前有关于吸烟与糖尿病之间关系的研究，但电子烟和二手烟 (SHS) 对葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素敏感性的影响尚未完全阐明。

客观的

研究混合使用电子烟和传统香烟以及接触二手烟与糖尿病前期的关系。

设计

分析了 2014-2018 年韩国国民健康和营养调查调查的数据。

环境

以全国人口为基础。

参与者

在 39199 名参与者中，22385 名参与者（9490 名男性，12895 名女性）没有糖尿病。主要的自变量是吸烟行为，包括接触二手烟。

干预措施

没有任何。

主要观察指标

糖尿病前期（血红蛋白 A1C 为 5.7-6.4%）。

结果

在没有糖尿病的 22385 名参与者中，6735 人患有糖尿病前期。与从不吸烟相比，混合卷烟的使用与糖尿病前期的几率增加 1.57 倍相关[优势比 (OR) = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.29-1.92]，与传统卷烟相比增加 1.27 倍仅使用 (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.07-1.52)。目前不吸烟但过去混合使用的参与者患糖尿病前期的风险增加（OR = 1.54，95% CI = 1.04-2.13）。在以前仅使用传统香烟的个体中，前驱糖尿病与当前不吸烟之间没有显着关联。在从不吸烟者中，接触二手烟显着增加了糖尿病前期的风险（OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.04-1.30）。

结论

混合使用电子香烟和传统香烟以及接触二手烟增加了糖尿病前期的风险。需要进一步的研究来全面研究以前和现在混合使用电子烟和 SHS 对葡萄糖代谢影响的分子生物学。