The multidrug resistance developed in many organisms due to the prolonged use of antibiotics has been an increasing global health crisis. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a causal organism for various infections, including respiratory, urinary tract and biliary diseases. Initially, immunocompromised individuals are primarily affected by K. pneumoniae. Due to the emergence of hypervirulent strains recently, both healthy and immunocompetent individuals are equally susceptible to K. pneumoniae infections. The infections caused by multidrug-resistant and hypervirulent K. pneumoniae strains are complicated to treat, illustrating an urgent need to develop novel and more practical approaches to combat the pathogen. We focused on the previously performed high-throughput analyses by other groups to discover several novel enzymes that may be considered attractive drug targets of K. pneumoniae. These targets qualify most of the selection criteria for drug targeting, including an absence of its homolog’s gene in the host. The capsule, lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae, siderophores and essential virulence factors facilitate the pathogen entry, infection and survival inside the host. This review discusses K. pneumoniae pathophysiology, including its virulence determinants and further the potential drug targets that might facilitate the discovery of novel drugs and effective treatment regimens shortly.

中文翻译：

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肺炎克雷伯菌的潜在治疗靶点：多组学综述视角

由于长期使用抗生素而在许多生物体中产生的多药耐药性已成为日益严重的全球健康危机。肺炎克雷伯菌是多种感染的致病菌，包括呼吸道、泌尿道和胆道疾病。最初，免疫功能低下的个体主要受到肺炎克雷伯菌的影响。由于最近出现了高毒力菌株，健康和免疫能力强的个体同样容易感染肺炎克雷伯菌。由多重耐药和高毒性肺炎克雷伯菌引起的感染治疗起来很复杂，这表明迫切需要开发新的和更实用的方法来对抗病原体。我们专注于其他小组先前进行的高通量分析，以发现几种新的酶，这些酶可能被认为是肺炎克雷伯菌的有吸引力的药物靶标。这些靶标符合大多数药物靶向的选择标准，包括宿主中不存在其同源基因。荚膜、脂多糖、菌毛、铁载体和基本毒力因子促进病原体进入、感染和在宿主内存活。这篇综述讨论了肺炎克雷伯菌的病理生理学，包括其毒力决定因素，并进一步探讨了可能有助于短期内发现新药和有效治疗方案的潜在药物靶点。脂多糖、菌毛、铁载体和必需的毒力因子促进病原体在宿主内的进入、感染和存活。这篇综述讨论了肺炎克雷伯菌的病理生理学，包括其毒力决定因素，并进一步探讨了可能有助于短期内发现新药和有效治疗方案的潜在药物靶点。脂多糖、菌毛、铁载体和必需的毒力因子促进病原体在宿主内的进入、感染和存活。这篇综述讨论了肺炎克雷伯菌的病理生理学，包括其毒力决定因素，并进一步探讨了可能有助于短期内发现新药和有效治疗方案的潜在药物靶点。