Calcification by calcified marine macroalgae is crucial to algal growth and the formation and maintenance of coral reefs. It involves complex processes, such as the uptake, transport and storage of Ca²⁺, HCO₃^– or CO₃^2–, and the formation of crystals responsible for calcium deposition. Calcification is vulnerable to changes in global climate, including ocean acidification and warming. Studies investigating the mechanisms of macroalgal calcification are limited and restricted to physiological processes; however, the use of new approaches, such as genomics, provides avenues for new understandings. Here, we review the literature on macroalgal calcification from physiological to molecular levels and present a list of key issues that need to be resolved in order to understand the mechanism of calcification. This review offers insights into the potential effects of changing climate conditions on algal calcification to provide an accurate prediction of future changes in reef ecosystems.

钙化海洋大型藻类的钙化对藻类生长以及珊瑚礁的形成和维持至关重要。它涉及复杂的过程，例如 Ca ²⁺、HCO ₃ ^–或 CO ₃ ^2–的吸收、运输和储存，以及导致钙沉积的晶体的形成。钙化容易受到全球气候变化的影响，包括海洋酸化和变暖。研究大型藻类钙化机制的研究是有限的，仅限于生理过程；然而，基因组学等新方法的使用为新的理解提供了途径。在这里，我们从生理到分子水平回顾了关于巨藻钙化的文献，并列出了需要解决的关键问题列表，以了解钙化的机制。这篇综述深入探讨了气候条件变化对藻类钙化的潜在影响，以准确预测珊瑚礁生态系统的未来变化。