Pd₄₀Ni₄₀P₂₀ (at.%) samples with different enthalpy states were fabricated through high-pressure torsion or sub-T_g annealing of the as-cast material. Subsequently, the underlying structural relaxation was studied by in-situ shear modulus measurements and modulated differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that high-pressure torsion leads to shear modulus softening and an increase of the nonreversible exothermic enthalpy, indicating a significant structural rejuvenation, while sub-T_g annealing causes shear modulus hardening and a decrease of the nonreversible exothermic enthalpy. The reversible endothermic effect which can reflect the fractional change of supercooled liquid with temperature was found to be almost identical for all samples, and independent of deformation or thermal history. The total heat flow can be well correlated with the shear modulus within the framework of interstitialcy theory. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the structural relaxation below T_g decouples into internal stress relaxation and β-relaxation. In addition, this work indicates that the processes of α-relaxation and β-relaxation in the metallic glass are of similar structural origin but occur on different spatial scales.

具有不同焓态的Pd ₄₀ Ni ₄₀ P ₂₀ (at.%) 样品是通过铸态材料的高压扭转或亚T _g退火制造的。随后，通过原位剪切模量测量和调制差示扫描量热法研究了潜在的结构松弛。结果表明，高压扭转导致剪切模量软化和不可逆放热焓增加，表明显着的结构复兴，而亚T _g退火导致剪切模量硬化和不可逆放热焓的降低。发现可以反映过冷液体随温度变化的可逆吸热效应对于所有样品几乎相同，并且与变形或热历史无关。在间隙理论的框架内，总热流可以与剪切模量很好地相关。此外，我们证明低于T _g的结构松弛解耦为内部应力松弛和 β-松弛。此外，这项工作表明金属玻璃中的α-弛豫和β-弛豫过程具有相似的结构起源，但发生在不同的空间尺度上。