Palladium salts and Pd(0) nanoparticles were immobilized on a series of amine and quaternary ammonium functionalized polyacrylonitrile fibers (PANFs) to prepare functionalized fiber catalysts. The catalytic activities of these materials for Heck reaction were investigated. Among which, the Gemini quaternary ammonium fiber immobilized Pd(0) nanoparticles catalyst PAN_GQAF-Pd(0) exhibited the best catalytic activity, which was able to effectively catalyze Heck reaction and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction with high yields of 76–99%. And the catalyst can tolerate an extensive scope of substrates under mild reaction conditions. In addition, PAN_GQAF-Pd(0) was easily recovered, and it can be reused 10 times with little decrease in catalytic activity and low Pd leaching (only 3.69%). The experimental results confirmed that Pd(II) was converted into Pd(0) during the coupling reactions, which helped to promote the reaction. This explains why the catalytic activity of PANF-immobilized Pd(0) is better than that of PANF-immobilized Pd(II). Accordingly, possible mechanisms for the catalytic Heck reaction and reduction reaction of PAN_GQAF-Pd(0) were proposed.

钯盐和 Pd(0) 纳米粒子被固定在一系列胺和季铵功能化聚丙烯腈纤维 (PANFs) 上以制备功能化纤维催化剂。研究了这些材料对 Heck 反应的催化活性。其中Gemini季铵纤维固定化Pd(0)纳米粒子催化剂PAN _GQA F-Pd(0)表现出最好的催化活性，能够以高产率有效催化Heck反应和4-硝基苯酚(4-NP)还原76–99%。并且该催化剂在温和的反应条件下可以耐受广泛的底物。此外，PAN _GQAF-Pd(0)易于回收，可重复使用10次，催化活性几乎没有下降，Pd浸出率低（仅3.69%）。实验结果证实，在偶联反应过程中，Pd(II)转化为Pd(0)，有助于促进反应。这解释了为什么固定PANF的Pd(0)的催化活性优于固定PANF的Pd(II)。因此，提出了PAN _GQA F-Pd(0)催化Heck反应和还原反应的可能机制。