With the development of fuel cell vehicles, the hydrogen leakage detector is urgent to satisfy the safety requirements of the vehicles with low power consumption. In this work, a self-powered hydrogen leakage detector based on impedance adjustable windmill-like triboelectric nanogenerator (WL-TENG) has been demonstrated. It could harvest wind energy during the driving of hydrogen fuel vehicle to power the whole sensing system. The inherent impedance and matching region of WL-TENG can be tuned effectively by adjusting the center angle of the windmill plate. The resistance of the Pd/ZnO nanorods based hydrogen sensor changes from 300 kΩ to 60 kΩ under pure air atmosphere to 1000 ppm H₂. Then, a matching WL-TENG with 3° center angle was series connected to H₂ sensor to construct the self-powered H₂ sensing system. Finally, by introducing 150 kΩ divider constant resistor, the voltage across it increases from ~15 V to ~60 V with the H₂ concentration increasing from 0 to 1000 ppm. The output voltage of WL-TENG varies with the variable working states of the gas sensor and then directly reflects on the on/off status of the LEDs parallel connected to the divider resistor. This work contributes to the development of impedance matching theory of TENG and further expand its application on self-powered sensing system.

随着燃料电池汽车的发展，氢泄漏检测仪迫切需要满足低功耗汽车的安全要求。在这项工作中，已经展示了一种基于阻抗可调风车状摩擦纳米发电机（WL-TENG）的自供电氢泄漏检测器。它可以在氢燃料汽车行驶过程中收集风能，为整个传感系统提供动力。WL-TENG 的固有阻抗和匹配区域可以通过调整风车板的中心角来有效地调整。基于 Pd/ZnO 纳米棒的氢传感器的电阻在纯空气环境下从 300 kΩ 变为 60 kΩ 到 1000 ppm H ₂。然后，将中心角为 3° 的匹配 WL-TENG 串联连接到 H ₂传感器构建自供电的H ₂传感系统。最后，通过引入 150 kΩ 分压器恒定电阻器，其两端的电压从 ~15 V 增加到 ~60 V，H ₂浓度从 0 增加到 1000 ppm。WL-TENG 的输出电压随气体传感器的不同工作状态而变化，然后直接反映在分压电阻上并联的 LED 的开/关状态。这项工作有助于 TENG 阻抗匹配理论的发展，并进一步扩展其在自供电传感系统中的应用。