Mechanical environments were associated with alterations in bone metabolism. Ion channels present on bone cells are indispensable for bone metabolism and can be directly or indirectly activated by mechanical stimulation. This review aimed to discuss the literature reporting the mechanical regulatory effects of ion channels on bone cells and bone tissue. An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. Studies about mechanically induced alteration of bone cells and bone tissue by ion channels were included. Ion channels including TRP family channels, Ca²⁺ release-activated Ca²⁺ channels (CRACs), Piezo1/2 channels, purinergic receptors, NMDA receptors, voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCCs), TREK2 potassium channels, calcium- and voltage-dependent big conductance potassium (BK_Ca) channels, small conductance, calcium-activated potassium (SK_Ca) channels and epithelial sodium channels (ENaCs) present on bone cells and bone tissue participate in the mechanical regulation of bone development in addition to contributing to direct or indirect mechanotransduction such as altered membrane potential and ionic flux. Physiological (beneficial) mechanical stimulation could induce the anabolism of bone cells and bone tissue through ion channels, but abnormal (harmful) mechanical stimulation could also induce the catabolism of bone cells and bone tissue through ion channels. Functional expression of ion channels is vital for the mechanotransduction of bone cells. Mechanical activation (opening) of ion channels triggers ion influx and induces the activation of intracellular modulators that can influence bone metabolism. Therefore, mechanosensitive ion channels provide new insights into therapeutic targets for the treatment of bone-related diseases such as osteopenia and aseptic implant loosening.

机械环境与骨代谢的改变有关。存在于骨细胞上的离子通道对于骨代谢必不可少，可以通过机械刺激直接或间接激活。本综述旨在讨论报告离子通道对骨细胞和骨组织的机械调节作用的文献。在 PubMed、Embase 和 Web of Science 中进行了电子搜索。包括有关离子通道机械诱导骨细胞和骨组织改变的研究。离子通道包括 TRP 家族通道、Ca ²⁺释放激活的 Ca ²⁺通道 (CRAC)、Piezo1/2 通道、嘌呤能受体、NMDA 受体、电压敏感钙通道 (VSCC)、TREK2 钾通道、钙和电压依赖性大电导钾 (BK _Ca ) 通道、小电导、钙激活钾 (SK _Ca) 通道和存在于骨细胞和骨组织上的上皮钠通道 (ENaC) 参与骨骼发育的机械调节，此外还有助于直接或间接的机械转导，例如膜电位和离子通量的改变。生理（有益）机械刺激可以通过离子通道诱导骨细胞和骨组织的合成代谢，但异常（有害）机械刺激也可以通过离子通道诱导骨细胞和骨组织分解代谢。离子通道的功能表达对于骨细胞的机械转导至关重要。离子通道的机械激活（打开）触发离子流入并诱导可影响骨代谢的细胞内调节剂的激活。所以，