Hyperreactive malarial splenomegaly (HMS) is one of the important causes of massive splenomegaly in malaria endemic zones. It is thought to represent a dysfunctional immune response to recurrent malarial infection. It is usually reported due to physical symptoms of splenomegaly and hypersplenism and fever is classically absent. Concomitant malaria with HMS is a very rare finding in the Indian context. Here, we report a case of symptomatic falciparum malaria presented with fever, jaundice, massive splenomegaly and pancytopenia. Persistent massive splenomegaly led us to investigate thoroughly and finally diagnosed it as HMS with concomitant falciparum malaria. He received standard antimalarial treatment and 12 months of weekly chloroquine and completely recovered without any relapse or complications.

中文翻译：

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印度东部一名青春期男孩并发恶性疟和高反应性疟疾脾肿大：一个罕见的巧合故事

高反应性疟疾脾肿大（HMS）是疟疾流行区大规模脾肿大的重要原因之一。它被认为代表了对复发性疟疾感染的功能失调的免疫反应。它通常是由于脾肿大和脾功能亢进的身体症状而报告的，并且通常没有发烧。在印度，HMS 伴发的疟疾是非常罕见的发现。在这里，我们报告一例有症状的恶性疟，表现为发热、黄疸、大量脾肿大和全血细胞减少。持续的大量脾肿大导致我们彻底调查并最终将其诊断为 HMS 并伴有恶性疟。他接受了标准的抗疟治疗和 12 个月的每周氯喹治疗，并且完全康复，没有任何复发或并发症。