Background & objectives: Rickettsioses are zoonoses transmitted to humans by arthropods. They are due to strict intracellular bacteria belonging to the family Rickettsiaceae. Our purpose is to present the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of 14 new cases diagnosed in Al-Hoceima region, Morocco; indeed, the patients associated a diagnosis of Mediterranean Spotted Fever (MSF).
Results: The average age of patients was 55 years. The patients were hospitalized for infectious syndrome, renal deficiency, pneumonia, and suspected meningitis. All cases had a general papular rash with palmo-plantar involvement, 12 out of 14 patients showed an escarotic spot, while neurological disorders were observed in 2 patients. Ophthalmic involvement was represented by retinal vasculitis in a single patient. Thrombocytopenia and cytolysis were constant in all patients. Renal deficiency was found in 3 cases and 2 cases had interstitial syndrome. The serology was positive in only one patient. All cases had been treated with doxycycline 200mg/day for 7 days with a good improvement of the clinical and biological symptoms.
Interpretation & conclusion: The frequency of MSF in Morocco is not completely elucidated. A good knowledge of the clinical form allows an early diagnosis in order to institute an effective treatment.

中文翻译：

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摩洛哥立克次体病的早期发现

背景与目的：立克次体病是通过节肢动物传播给人类的人畜共患病。它们是由于属于立克次氏菌科的严格的细胞内细菌。我们的目的是介绍摩洛哥胡塞马地区诊断出的 14 例新病例的临床和副临床特征；事实上，患者将诊断为地中海斑疹热 (MSF)。
结果：患者的平均年龄为 55 岁。患者因感染综合征、肾虚、肺炎和疑似脑膜炎住院。所有病例均出现掌跖受累的全身丘疹，14例患者中有12例表现为腘绳结点，2例出现神经系统疾病。单个患者的眼部受累表现为视网膜血管炎。所有患者的血小板减少和细胞溶解都是恒定的。肾虚3例，间质综合征2例。只有一名患者的血清学呈阳性。所有病例均给予多西环素200mg/天治疗7天，临床和生物学症状均有较好改善。
解读与结论：无国界医生在摩洛哥的频率尚未完全阐明。对临床形式的良好了解可以进行早期诊断，以便进行有效的治疗。