Background

Age and diabetes are risk factors for arterial hypertension. However, the relationship between age, connective tissue growth factors, vascular aging and arterial hypertension while on a the high-carbohydrate high-fat diet (HCHFD) remains poorly understood.

Purpose

To estimate the relationship between humoral factors, the morphological changes of aorta and impaired blood pressure regulation under the influence of age and a HCHFD.

Methods

A study was carried out in male Wistar rats, which were divided into the following groups: 1st (n = 15) - naive young rats; 2nd (n = 15) – young rats, exposed to HCHFD; 3rd (n = 14) – naive old rats; 4th (n = 12) - old rats exposed to HCHFD. The age of old rats was 540 days, and young rats 150 days at the end of the diet. HCHFD contained proteins 16%, fats 21%, carbohydrates 46%, including 17% fructose, 0.125% cholesterol, 90 days. Blood pressure and body weight were measured weekly, carbohydrate metabolism, histological signs of changes in the aorta, serum transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), fibronectin, and endothelin-1 levels were determined one week after the onset of diet.

Results

The severity of arterial hypertension and its histological signs in the aortic wall was found to be most pronounced in elderly rats kept on a HCHFD. In young rats kept on a HCHFD, arterial hypertension was transient. An increase in systolic blood pressure has a positive correlation with the degree of obesity, serum fibronectin, and endothelin-1 content, and impaired carbohydrate metabolism. The rise in diastolic blood pressure has a positive correlation with the serum CTGF, endothelin-1, fibronectin levels and aortic wall thickness, and impaired carbohydrate metabolism. A rise in the serum concentration of fibronectin was also associated with increased endothelin-1, TGFβ and CTGF serum levels.

Conclusion

This study indicated that an increase in blood pressure in old rats with a high-carbohydrate high-fat diet is due to a disturbance of a structure of the vascular wall, the release of fibronectin, which can occur under the influence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, endothelin-1, TGFβ and CTGF.

中文翻译：

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高碳水化合物高脂肪饮食导致老年大鼠动脉高血压和主动脉壁组织学变化：结缔组织生长因子和纤连蛋白的参与

背景

年龄和糖尿病是动脉高血压的危险因素。然而，在高碳水化合物高脂肪饮食 (HCHFD) 中，年龄、结缔组织生长因子、血管老化和动脉高血压之间的关系仍然知之甚少。

目的

评估体液因素、主动脉形态变化与年龄和HCHFD影响下的血压调节受损之间的关系。

方法

在雄性 Wistar 大鼠中进行了一项研究，将其分为以下几组： 1st (n = 15) - 幼稚幼鼠；第二个 (n = 15) – 暴露于 HCHFD 的幼鼠；3rd (n = 14) – 幼稚的老老鼠；4th (n = 12) - 暴露于 HCHFD 的老年大鼠。老年大鼠的年龄为 540 天，而幼鼠在饮食结束时为 150 天。HCHFD 含有 16% 的蛋白质、21% 的脂肪、46% 的碳水化合物，包括 17% 的果糖、0.125% 的胆固醇，90 天。每周测量血压和体重，碳水化合物代谢、主动脉变化的组织学体征、血清转化生长因子-β (TGF-β)、结缔组织生长因子 (CTGF)、纤连蛋白和内皮素-1 水平被确定为一饮食开始后一周。

结果

发现动脉高血压的严重程度及其在主动脉壁中的组织学迹象在保持 HCHFD 的老年大鼠中最为明显。在保持 HCHFD 的年轻大鼠中，动脉高血压是短暂的。收缩压升高与肥胖程度、血清纤连蛋白和内皮素-1含量以及碳水化合物代谢受损呈正相关。舒张压升高与血清 CTGF、内皮素-1、纤连蛋白水平和主动脉壁厚度以及碳水化合物代谢受损呈正相关。纤连蛋白血清浓度的升高也与内皮素-1、TGFβ 和 CTGF 血清水平升高有关。

结论

本研究表明，高碳水化合物高脂饮食老年大鼠血压升高是由于血管壁结构紊乱，纤维连接蛋白的释放，这可能在碳水化合物代谢紊乱的影响下发生，内皮素-1、TGFβ 和 CTGF。