PURPOSE To compare referral results from two photoscreening devices that are in wide use relative to a manual screening test protocol in preschool children. METHODS Children aged 3 to 5 years who attended preschools in two counties within the State of Michigan (N = 1,085) took part in the State's vision screening program, which included the Lea Symbols and Stereo Butterfly tests, during a 3-month period. All who failed this screening or were unable to be tested, and 20% of those who passed, were then invited to undergo testing with the Plusoptix Vision Screener Model S-12C (Plusoptix, Inc) and Welch Allyn SPOT Vision Screener Model VS-100 (Hill-Rom, Inc) photoscreening devices. Screening was conducted by State-trained technicians. With the State's test results considered the gold standard for screening, sensitivity and specificity of the two photo-screening devices were calculated. McNemar's test and logistic regression were used to evaluate the findings. RESULTS A total of 1,085 children took part in the State's screening program. Their mean ± standard deviation age was 48.8 ± 7.2 months, with a 51:49 female-to-male ratio, and a similar percentage were Black (34.1%) or White (33.3%). The sensitivity of the SPOT and Plusoptix screening was 61.0% and 65.2%, respectively. The specificity of the SPOT and Plusoptix screening was 92.9% and 82.4%, respectively. For 84 children who were unable to be tested by the State's screening, the SPOT and Plusoptix devices completed the screening on the majority (86.9% and 73.8%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The photoscreening devices yielded numerous false-negative results and fewer false-positive results. Their ability to screen many children who could not be screened by manual testing indicates a useful application. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2022;59(1):46-52.].

中文翻译：

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涉及学龄前儿童的两种带有手动视力筛查的照相筛查设备的比较研究。

目的 比较两种广泛使用的照相筛查设备相对于学龄前儿童的手动筛查测试协议的转诊结果。方法 在密歇根州两个县（N = 1,085）上学前班的 3 至 5 岁儿童在 3 个月期间参加了该州的视力筛查计划，其中包括 Lea Symbols 和 Stereo Butterfly 测试。然后邀请所有未通过此筛查或无法接受测试的人以及 20% 通过的人接受 Plusoptix Vision Screener Model S-12C (Plusoptix, Inc) 和 Welch Allyn SPOT Vision Screener Model VS-100 的测试(Hill-Rom, Inc) 照相筛选设备。筛查由受过国家培训的技术人员进行。国家的测试结果被认为是筛查的黄金标准，计算了两种照片筛选装置的敏感性和特异性。McNemar 检验和逻辑回归用于评估结果。结果 共有 1,085 名儿童参加了该州的筛查计划。他们的平均 ± 标准差年龄为 48.8 ± 7.2 个月，女性与男性的比例为 51:49，黑人（34.1%）或白人（33.3%）的比例相似。SPOT 和 Plusoptix 筛查的敏感性分别为 61.0% 和 65.2%。SPOT 和 Plusoptix 筛查的特异性分别为 92.9% 和 82.4%。对于无法通过国家筛查检测的 84 名儿童，SPOT 和 Plusoptix 设备完成了大多数筛查（分别为 86.9% 和 73.8%）。结论 照相筛查设备产生了大量的假阴性结果和较少的假阳性结果。他们筛查许多无法通过手动测试筛查的儿童的能力表明这是一个有用的应用程序。[J 小儿眼科斜视。2022;59(1):46-52]。