Objective. The sensorimotor cortex is often selected as target in the development of a Brain-Computer Interface, as activation patterns from this region can be robustly decoded to discriminate between different movements the user executes. Up until recently, such BCIs were primarily based on activity in the contralateral hemisphere, where decoding movements still works even years after denervation. However, there is increasing evidence for a role of the sensorimotor cortex in controlling the ipsilateral body. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of denervation on the movement representation on the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex. Approach. Eight subjects with acquired above-elbow arm amputation and nine controls performed a task in which they made (or attempted to make with their phantom hand) six different gestures from the American Manual Alphabet. Brain activity was measured using 7T functional MRI, and a classifier was trained to discriminate between activation patterns on four different regions of interest (ROIs) on the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex. Main results. Classification scores showed that decoding was possible and significantly better than chance level for both the phantom and intact hands from all ROIs. Decoding both the left (intact) and right (phantom) hand from the same hemisphere was also possible with above-chance level classification score. Significance. The possibility to decode both hands from the same hemisphere, even years after denervation, indicates that implantation of motor-electrodes for BCI control possibly need only cover a single hemisphere, making surgery less invasive, and increasing options for people with lateralized damage to motor cortex like after stroke.

客观的。感觉运动皮层通常被选为开发脑机接口的目标，因为来自该区域的激活模式可以被稳健地解码以区分用户执行的不同动作。直到最近，这种 BCI 主要基于对侧半球的活动，即使在去神经支配数年后，解码运动仍然有效。然而，越来越多的证据表明感觉运动皮层在控制同侧身体中的作用。本研究的目的是研究去神经支配对同侧感觉运动皮层运动表征的影响。方法。八名获得肘上臂截肢的受试者和九名对照者执行了一项任务，他们在美国手册字母表中做出（或试图用他们的幻手做出）六种不同的手势。使用 7T 功能性 MRI 测量大脑活动，训练分类器以区分同侧感觉运动皮层上四个不同感兴趣区域 (ROI) 的激活模式。主要结果。分类分数表明，对于来自所有 ROI 的幻手和完整手，解码是可能的，并且明显优于机会水平。使用高于机会级别的分类分数也可以解码来自同一半球的左（完整）和右（幻影）手。意义。 即使在去神经支配数年后，也可以从同一个半球解码双手，这表明植入用于 BCI 控制的运动电极可能只需要覆盖一个半球，从而降低手术侵入性，并增加了对运动皮层侧向损伤患者的选择就像中风后。