Purpose

This study estimated self-reported perceived negative marijuana use consequences among a national sample of U.S. young adults, examining consequence prevalence differences by use frequency, college attendance, living situation, employment, sex, and race/ethnicity; and use frequency/sociodemographic characteristic interactions.

Methods

A subsample of 1,212 respondents from the 2004–2018 class cohorts of 12th grade students participating in the nationally-representative Monitoring the Future study was surveyed up to two times from modal ages 19 through 22 (in 2008–2019). Respondents self-reported negative consequences related to their own past 12-month marijuana use. Bivariate and multivariable models examined subgroup differences in consequence prevalence.

Results

Approximately 60% of those using frequently (20+ use occasions in the past 30 days) and 35% of those using non-frequently reported negative consequences. Among all young adult marijuana users, 31.1% reported emotional/physical consequences, 12.9% performance/financial consequences, and 12.3% relational consequences. Use frequency was positively associated with consequence likelihood, excluding regret and unsafe driving. Among college students, frequent use was more strongly associated with any and performance/financial consequences. Controlling for use frequency, men reported more performance/financial consequences; relational consequences were higher among Hispanic (vs. White) respondents, and those living with parents, employed full-time, and not attending 4-year colleges.

Conclusion

Young adults using marijuana reported a wide range of negative use consequences; likelihood of most consequences increased with higher use frequency. Perceived consequences varied by college attendance, living situation, employment, sex, and race/ethnicity. Efforts to reduce negative marijuana consequences may be strengthened by recognizing and addressing the different types of negative consequences users perceive.

中文翻译：

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2008 年至 2019 年美国年轻成年吸食者自我报告的大麻使用的负面影响

目的

这项研究估计了美国年轻人全国样本中自我报告的负面大麻使用后果，检查了使用频率、大学出勤率、生活状况、就业、性别和种族/民族的后果流行率差异；并使用频率/社会人口特征相互作用。

方法

参与全国代表性监测未来研究的 2004-2018 年 12 年级学生的 1,212 名受访者的子样本从 19 岁到 22 岁（2008-2019 年）接受了最多两次调查。受访者自我报告了与他们过去 12 个月吸食大麻有关的负面后果。双变量和多变量模型检查了后果流行率的亚组差异。

结果

大约 60% 经常使用的人（过去 30 天内使用次数超过 20 次）和 35% 不经常使用的人报告了负面后果。在所有年轻的成年大麻使用者中，31.1% 的人报告了情绪/身体后果，12.9% 的表现/财务后果和 12.3% 的关系后果。使用频率与后果可能性呈正相关，不包括后悔和不安全驾驶。在大学生中，频繁使用与绩效/财务后果的相关性更强。控制使用频率，男性报告了更多的绩效/财务后果；西班牙裔（相对于白人）受访者以及与父母同住、全职工作且未上 4 年制大学的受访者的关系后果更高。

结论

使用大麻的年轻人报告了广泛的负面使用后果；大多数后果的可能性随着使用频率的增加而增加。感知到的后果因大学出勤率、生活状况、就业、性别和种族/族裔而异。通过认识和解决使用者感知的不同类型的负面后果，可以加强减少负面大麻后果的努力。