Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral malignancy. Our study uses multipoint materials to explore the heterogeneity and metastasis mechanism of OSCC to find more accurate molecular markers and new therapeutic targets. By using whole-exome capture and sequencing and tumor evolution analysis, we found that most clone-driven mutations were located in the branches of tumor phylogenetic tree, such as COTL1, CASP8, and PROCR. Most clone-driven OSCC mutations occur mainly in tumor suppressor genes, including TP53, SFRP4, and NOTCH1. Our study on intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) and clonal evolution provides an important molecular basis for further understanding of OSCC occurrence and development and metastasis and provides potential targets for the treatment of this disease.

中文翻译：

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口腔鳞状细胞癌的瘤内异质性和克隆进化

口腔鳞状细胞癌 (OSCC) 是最常见的口腔恶性肿瘤。我们的研究使用多点材料来探索 OSCC 的异质性和转移机制，以寻找更准确的分子标志物和新的治疗靶点。通过使用全外显子组捕获和测序以及肿瘤进化分析，我们发现大多数克隆驱动的突变位于肿瘤系统发育树的分支，如 COTL1、CASP8 和 PROCR。大多数克隆驱动的 OSCC 突变主要发生在肿瘤抑制基因中，包括 TP53、SFRP4 和 NOTCH1。我们对肿瘤内异质性（ITH）和克隆进化的研究为进一步了解 OSCC 的发生、发展和转移提供了重要的分子基础，并为该疾病的治疗提供了潜在的靶点。