This study puts forward an optimal speed decision-making method for a coastal bulk carrier as an important energy efficiency practice. Firstly, the ship resistance model is established considering the impact of multiple environmental factors, such as wind, waves and shallow water; on this basis, according to ship-engine-propeller ship–engine–propeller interaction mechanism, the ship energy consumption model is established. Then, the ship speed optimisation model is established and the multi-objective genetic algorithm is applied to obtain the most fuel-efficient speed set. Finally, a coastal bulk carrier is selected for a case study to implement the proposed method, and the fuel saving as well as the economic and environmental benefits are analysed. The results indicate that the proposed speed optimisation method can calculate the optimal speed for each leg of shipping line and that the total fuel consumption of the target ship can be reduced by 8.47% through increasing the sailing time and expanding the low-load operational range of the main engine. This study can help the crew members to improve the energy efficiency management of ships.

本研究提出了一种沿海散货船的最优航速决策方法，作为一项重要的节能实践。首先，建立考虑风、浪、浅水等多种环境因素影响的船舶阻力模型；在此基础上，根据船舶-发动机-螺旋桨船舶-发动机-螺旋桨相互作用机理，建立船舶能耗模型。然后，建立船速优化模型，应用多目标遗传算法获得最省油的船速集。最后，选择一艘沿海散货船进行案例研究，实施所提出的方法，并分析了其节省燃料以及经济和环境效益。结果表明，所提出的航速优化方法可以计算出航线各航段的最佳航速，通过增加航行时间和扩大低载运行范围，目标船的总油耗可降低8.47%。主引擎。这项研究可以帮助船员改进船舶的能效管理。