Invasion of alien species facilitated by climate change and human assistant is one of global threats that cause irreversible damages on the local flora and fauna. One of these issued species, Vespa velutina nigrithorax du Buysson, 1905 (Hymenoptera:Vespidae), is a significant threat to entomofauna, including honeybees, in the introduced regions. This wasp is still expanding its habitats, prioritizing the development of a reliable species distribution model based on recently updated occurrence data. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential areas that are climatically exposed to V. v. nigrithorax invasion globally and in South Korea, where the wasp has caused severe damage to local ecosystems and apiculture after its recent introduction. We developed a new global scale ensemble model based on CLIMEX and Maxent models and applied it to South Korea using field survey data. As a result, risky areas were predicted to be temperate and subtropical climate regions, including the eastern USA, western Europe, Far East Asia, and small areas in South America and Australia. In particular, South Korea has a high potential risk throughout the country. We expect that this study would provide fundamental data for monitoring the environmental risks caused by V. v. nigrithorax using advanced species distribution modeling.

气候变化和人类助手助长外来物种的入侵是全球威胁之一，对当地动植物造成不可逆转的破坏。这些已发行物种之一，Vespa velutina nigrithorax  du Buysson，1905（膜翅目：Vespidae），对引进地区的昆虫群，包括蜜蜂，构成重大威胁。这种黄蜂仍在扩大其栖息地，优先根据最近更新的发生数据开发可靠的物种分布模型。因此，本研究的目的是评估气候上暴露于V. v. nigrithorax的潜在区域全球和韩国的入侵，在最近引入后，黄蜂对当地生态系统和养蜂业造成了严重破坏。我们基于 CLIMEX 和 Maxent 模型开发了一个新的全球尺度集合模型，并使用现场调查数据将其应用于韩国。因此，预计风险地区为温带和亚热带气候区，包括美国东部、西欧、远东亚洲以及南美和澳大利亚的小地区。尤其是韩国，在全国范围内都具有很高的潜在风险。我们预计这项研究将为使用先进的物种分布模型监测由黑胸弧菌引起的环境风险提供基础数据。