Abstract

In this paper, a side impact simulation model is established based on ECE R129 regulations. The four design parameters of headrest stiffness, head cushion foam density, the gap between headrest and dummy head, and seat wing shell stiffness are taken as objects to study their effects on side impact protection of children's safety seats, respectively. And through orthogonal test and variance analysis, the gap between headrest and dummy head and seat wing shell stiffness are selected as optimization parameters. Then, the response surface model of damage index a_H and HPC₁₅ is established, and the optimal value is solved by multi-objective optimization method based on NSGA-II algorithm. In order to further improve the side impact protection capability of child safety seat, a side impact model of child safety seat with SIP is built. The influence of structural stiffness, length and installation position of SIP on the side protection performance of child safety seat is studied. Then the optimal design scheme of SIP is obtained by experimental design and comprehensive comparison. It is concluded by above analysis of research that: extending the contact time between the occupant's head and the side wing of the child safety seat can effectively reduce the Y-direction speed of the occupant's head during contact, thus effectively reducing the head injury of children in side impact.

摘要

本文基于ECE R129法规建立了侧面碰撞仿真模型。分别以头枕刚度、头垫泡沫密度、头枕与假人头部间隙、座椅翼壳刚度4个设计参数为对象，研究其对儿童安全座椅侧面碰撞防护的影响。并通过正交试验和方差分析，选择头枕与假人头部和座椅翼壳刚度的差距作为优化参数。然后，损伤指数 a _H和 HPC _{15的响应面模型}建立，并通过基于NSGA-II算法的多目标优化方法求解最优值。为了进一步提高儿童安全座椅的侧面碰撞防护能力，建立了带SIP的儿童安全座椅侧面碰撞模型。研究了SIP的结构刚度、长度和安装位置对儿童安全座椅侧面保护性能的影响。然后通过实验设计和综合比较得出SIP的最优设计方案。通过以上研究分析得出结论：延长乘员头部与儿童安全座椅侧翼的接触时间，可有效降低乘员头部在接触时的Y方向速度，从而有效减少儿童头部受伤。在侧面撞击中。