Background

In long-term care facilities, nurses’ job satisfaction predicts staff turnover, which adversely affects resident outcomes. Thus, it is important to develop a comprehensive understanding of factors affecting nurses’ job satisfaction in long-term care facilities.

Objectives

To analyze factors associated with job satisfaction among nurses in nursing homes from individual and organizational perspectives utilizing a deductive approach.

Design

Systematic literature review

Setting

Nursing homes.

Participants

Registered nurses and licensed practical nurses in nursing homes.

Methods

A systematic literature review of seven online databases (EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) to July 23, 2020 was conducted. Studies were included if they examined factors associated job satisfaction in the target population and setting. Decision rules on how to determine factors important to nurse job satisfaction were developed a priori. Two team members independently screened the publications for inclusion, extracted data, and assessed included publications for methodological quality; conflicts were resolved through a consensus process and consultation of the third senior team member when needed.

Results

Twenty-eight studies were included. Of these, 20 studies were quantitative, 6 were qualitative, and 2 were mixed methods. Factors associated with job satisfaction were grouped into two categories: individual and organizational. Individual factors significantly associated with job satisfaction were age, health status, self-determination/autonomy, psychological empowerment, job involvement, work exhaustion, and work stress. Individual factors identified as not important or equivocal were gender and experience as a nurse/in aged care. No organizational factors were identified as important for nurses’ job satisfaction. Facility ownership, supervisor/manager support, resources, staffing level, and social relationships were identified as equivocal or not important. Findings from qualitative studies identified relationship with residents as an important factor for job satisfaction.

Conclusions/Implications

Factors identified as important to nurses’ job satisfaction differ from those reported among care aides in nursing homes and nurses employed in acute care settings, suggesting that there is a need for unique approaches to enhance nurses’ job satisfaction in nursing homes.

中文翻译：

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长期护理中护士工作满意度的个体和组织因素：系统评价

背景

在长期护理机构中，护士的工作满意度可以预测人员流动，这会对住院医师的结果产生不利影响。因此，全面了解影响长期护理机构护士工作满意度的因素非常重要。

目标

利用演绎法从个人和组织的角度分析与养老院护士工作满意度相关的因素。

设计

系统的文献综述

环境

疗养院。

参与者

养老院的注册护士和执业护士。

方法

对截至 2020 年 7 月 23 日的七个在线数据库（EMBASE、CINAHL、PsychINFO、MEDLINE、PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science）进行了系统的文献综述。如果研究检查了与目标人群和环境中的工作满意度相关的因素，则包括在内。关于如何确定对护士工作满意度重要的因素的决策规则是先验的。两名团队成员独立筛选纳入出版物、提取数据并评估纳入出版物的方法学质量；冲突通过协商一致程序和必要时与第三名高级团队成员协商解决。

结果

纳入了 28 项研究。其中，20 项研究是定量的，6 项是定性的，2 项是混合方法。与工作满意度相关的因素分为两类：个人和组织。与工作满意度显着相关的个人因素是年龄、健康状况、自我决定/自主、心理授权、工作投入、工作疲惫和工作压力。被确定为不重要或模棱两可的个人因素是性别和作为护士/老年护理的经验。没有组织因素被认为对护士的工作满意度很重要。设施所有权、主管/经理支持、资源、人员配备水平和社会关系被确定为模棱两可或不重要。

结论/影响

被确定为对护士工作满意度很重要的因素与疗养院的护理助理和在急症护理环境中受雇的护士报告的因素不同，这表明需要采用独特的方法来提高护士在疗养院的工作满意度。