SuperAgers are adults over the age of 80 with superior episodic memory performance and at least average-for-age performance in non-episodic memory domains. This study further characterized the neuropsychological profile of SuperAgers compared to average-for-age episodic memory peers to determine potential cognitive mechanisms contributing to their superior episodic memory performance.

Retrospective analysis of neuropsychological test data from 56 SuperAgers and 23 similar-age peers with average episodic memory was conducted. Independent sample t-tests evaluated between-group differences in neuropsychological scores. Multiple linear regression determined the influence of non-episodic memory function on episodic memory scores across participants.

As a group, SuperAgers had better scores than their average memory peers on measures of attention, working memory, naming, and speeded set shifting. Scores on tests of processing speed, visuospatial function, verbal fluency, response inhibition, and abstract reasoning did not differ. On an individual level, there was variability among SuperAgers with regard to non-episodic memory performance, with some performing above average-for-age across cognitive domains while others performed in the average-for-age range on non-memory tests. Across all participants, attention and executive function scores explained 20.4% of the variance in episodic memory scores.

As a group, SuperAgers outperformed their average memory peers in multiple cognitive domains, however, there was considerable intragroup variability suggesting that SuperAgers’ episodic memory strength is not simply related to globally superior cognitive functioning. Attention and executive function performance explained approximately one-fifth of the variance in episodic memory and maybe areas to target with cognitive interventions.

SuperAgers 是 80 岁以上的成年人，具有出色的情景记忆能力，并且在非情景记忆领域至少具有同龄人的平均水平。这项研究进一步描述了 SuperAgers 与同龄情景记忆同龄人的神经心理学概况相比，以确定有助于其卓越情景记忆表现的潜在认知机制。

对来自 56 名 SuperAgers 和 23 名具有平均情景记忆的同龄人的神经心理学测试数据进行了回顾性分析。独立样本t检验评估神经心理学评分的组间差异。多元线性回归确定了非情景记忆功能对参与者情景记忆分数的影响。

作为一个群体，SuperAgers 在注意力、工作记忆、命名和快速组转换方面的得分高于他们的平均记忆同龄人。处理速度、视觉空间功能、语言流畅性、反应抑制和抽象推理的测试分数没有差异。在个人层面上，SuperAgers 在非情景记忆表现方面存在差异，一些人在认知领域的表现高于同龄人的平均水平，而其他人在非记忆测试中的表现处于同龄人的平均水平。在所有参与者中，注意力和执行功能得分解释了情景记忆得分中 20.4% 的差异。

作为一个群体，SuperAgers 在多个认知领域的记忆力优于他们的平均记忆同龄人，但是，存在相当大的组内变异性，这表明 SuperAgers 的情景记忆强度不仅仅与整体优越的认知功能有关。注意力和执行功能表现解释了大约五分之一的情景记忆差异，并且可能是认知干预的目标领域。