ABSTRACT

As a social determinant of health, work influences the health and well-being of workers. Interventions to change the conditions of work are an important complement to individually-focused wellness initiatives. This systematic literature review identified organisational- and group-level workplace intervention studies using experimental or quasi-experimental designs. It considered 83 studies with well-being outcomes that span the mental health continuum from ill-being to positive mental health, including context-free well-being (e.g. psychological distress), work-specific well-being (e.g. job satisfaction), and work-family well-being (e.g. work-family conflict). Interventions were categorised into four types: flexible work and scheduling changes; job and task modifications; relational and team dynamic initiatives; and participatory process interventions. There is significant heterogeneity in conceptualisation and measurement of well-being with job satisfaction being most commonly measured. Our review finds that strategies aiming to change work conditions have the potential to improve working well-being with demonstrable effects in all three well-being domains. Regardless of type, interventions involving increased control and opportunities for workers’ voice and participation more reliably improve worker well-being, suggesting these components are critical drivers of well-being. We recommend further research incorporate process evaluation to clarify how interventions create positive changes and examine the conditions in which specific interventions may be most effective.

摘要

作为健康的社会决定因素，工作影响工人的健康和福祉。改变工作条件的干预措施是对以个人为中心的健康计划的重要补充。这篇系统的文献综述使用实验或准实验设计确定了组织和团体层面的工作场所干预研究。它考虑了 83 项健康结果的研究，这些研究的健康结果跨越了从不适到积极心理健康的心理健康连续体，包括与情境无关的幸福感（例如心理困扰）、特定于工作的幸福感（例如工作满意度）以及工作家庭幸福感（例如工作家庭冲突）。干预分为四种类型：弹性工作和日程变更；工作和任务修改；r兴高采烈和团队活力的举措；和参与式过程干预. 幸福感的概念化和衡量存在显着的异质性，工作满意度是最常衡量的。我们的审查发现，旨在改变工作条件的策略有可能改善工作幸福感，并在所有三个幸福领域都有明显的效果。无论何种类型，涉及增加对工人的声音和参与的控制和机会的干预措施更可靠地改善工人的福祉，这表明这些组成部分是福祉的关键驱动因素。我们建议进一步研究纳入过程评估，以阐明干预措施如何产生积极变化，并检查特定干预措施可能最有效的条件。