Recent advances in digital workflow have transformed clinician's ability to offer patient-specific devices for medical and dental applications. However, the digital workflow of patient-specific maxillofacial prostheses (MFP) remains incomplete, and several steps in the manufacturing process are still labor-intensive and are costly in both time and resources. Despite the high demand for direct digital MFP manufacturing, three-dimensional (3D) printing of colored silicone MFP is limited by the processing routes of medical-grade silicones and biocompatible elastomers. In this study, a binder jetting 3D printing process with polyvinyl butyral (PVB)-coated silicone powder was developed for direct 3D printing of MFP. Nanosilica-treated silicone powder was spray dried with PVB by controlling the Ohnesorge number and processing parameters. After printing, the interconnected pores were infused with silicone and hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDS) by pressure-vacuum sequential infiltration to produce the final parts. Particle size, coating composition, surface treatment, and infusion conditions influenced the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed preform, and of the final infiltrated structure. In addition to demonstrating the feasibility of using silicone powder-based 3D printing for MFP, these results can be used to inform the modifications required to accommodate the manufacturing of other biocompatible elastomeric materials.

中文翻译：

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用于颌面假体直接三维打印的定制硅粉粘合剂喷射


数字工作流程的最新进展改变了临床医生为医疗和牙科应用提供患者专用设备的能力。然而，患者专用颌面假体（MFP）的数字化工作流程仍然不完整，制造过程中的几个步骤仍然是劳动密集型的，而且时间和资源成本高昂。尽管对直接数字复合机制造的需求很高，但彩色硅胶复合机的三维 (3D) 打印仍受到医用级硅胶和生物相容性弹性体加工路线的限制。在这项研究中，开发了一种使用聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）涂覆的有机硅粉末的粘合剂喷射3D打印工艺，用于MFP的直接3D打印。通过控制 Ohnesorge 数和加工参数，将纳米二氧化硅处理的有机硅粉末与 PVB 一起喷雾干燥。打印后，通过压力-真空连续渗透将有机硅和六甲基二硅氧烷（HMDS）注入互连的孔中，以生产最终部件。颗粒尺寸、涂层成分、表面处理和灌注条件都会影响 3D 打印预制件和最终渗透结构的机械性能。除了证明在 MFP 中使用基于硅酮粉末的 3D 打印的可行性之外，这些结果还可用于指导适应其他生物相容性弹性体材料的制造所需的修改。