Behavioral studies have shown that statistical properties of object groups are perceived accurately with brief exposure durations. This finding motivated the hypothesis that ensemble perception occurs rapidly in vision. However, the precise timing of ensemble perception remains unclear. Here, we used the superior temporal resolution of electroencephalography to directly compare the timing of ensemble processing to that of individual object processing. The P3b was chosen as a particular component of interest, as it is thought to measure the latency of stimulus evaluation. Participants performed a simple "oddball" task in which sets of 51 lines with varied orientations sequentially flashed briefly on the display. In these sequences, there was a 20% chance of an individual oddball, wherein one marked object tilted clockwise, and a 20% chance of an ensemble oddball, wherein the average orientation of the set tilted clockwise. In counterbalanced blocks, participants were instructed to respond to either individual or ensemble oddballs. ERP analysis was performed to test the timing of this processing. At parietal electrodes, P3b components were found for both individual and ensemble oddballs. Ensemble P3b components were found to occur significantly earlier than individual P3b components, as measured with both 50% area latency and 50% onset latency. Using multivariate pattern analysis, ensemble oddball trials were classifiable from standard trials significantly earlier in their timecourse than individual oddball trials. Altogether, these results provide compelling evidence that ensemble perception occurs rapidly and that ensemble properties can be available earlier than individual object properties.

中文翻译：

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整体统计可以在单个项目属性之前可用：使用 Oddball 范式的脑电图证据。

行为研究表明，对象组的统计特性可以通过短暂的暴露持续时间准确感知。这一发现激发了集体感知在视觉中迅速发生的假设。然而，整体感知的确切时间仍不清楚。在这里，我们使用脑电图的卓越时间分辨率来直接比较整体处理的时间与单个对象处理的时间。P3b 被选为感兴趣的特定组件，因为它被认为可以测量刺激评估的延迟。参与者执行了一项简单的“古怪”任务，其中 51 条不同方向的线条在显示屏上依次短暂闪烁。在这些序列中，有 20% 的几率出现​​单个古怪，其中一个标记物体顺时针倾斜，并且有 20% 的机会出现集合古怪，其中集合的平均方向顺时针倾斜。在平衡块中，参与者被指示对个人或整体古怪做出反应。执行 ERP 分析以测试此处理的时间。在顶叶电极处，发现了个体和整体古怪球的 P3b 成分。发现整体 P3b 组件比单独的 P3b 组件发生明显早，以 50% 区域潜伏期和 50% 起始潜伏期测量。使用多变量模式分析，与单个古怪试验相比，合奏古怪试验在其时间进程中明显更早地从标准试验中分类。共，