Social neurophysiology has increasingly addressed how several aspects of self and other are distinctly represented in the brain. In social interactions, the self–other distinction is fundamental for discriminating one’s own actions, intentions, and outcomes from those that originate in the external world. In this paper, we review neurophysiological experiments using nonhuman primates that shed light on the importance of the self–other distinction, focusing mainly on the frontal cortex. We start by examining how the findings are impacted by the experimental paradigms that are used, such as the type of social partner or whether a passive or active interaction is required. Next, we describe the 2 sociocognitive systems: mirror and mentalizing. Finally, we discuss how the self–other distinction can occur in different domains to process different aspects of social information: the observation and prediction of others’ actions and the monitoring of others’ rewards.

中文翻译：

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猕猴额叶皮层中其他人的专门表示：从动作监测和预测到结果评估

社会神经生理学越来越多地解决了自我和他人的几个方面如何在大脑中清晰地表现出来。在社交互动中，自我与他者的区别对于区分自己的行为、意图和结果与源自外部世界的行为、意图和结果至关重要。在本文中，我们回顾了使用非人类灵长类动物进行的神经生理学实验，这些实验揭示了自我与他人区别的重要性，主要关注额叶皮层。我们首先检查研究结果如何受到所使用的实验范式的影响，例如社交伙伴的类型或是否需要被动或主动互动。接下来，我们描述了两个社会认知系统：镜像和心智化。最后，