Agriculture is the largest consumer of water, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, so identifying and managing surface water quality in these areas is critical to preserving water resources and ensuring sustainable agriculture. Irrigation water quality (IWQ) assessment integrated with geographic information system (GIS) of West Nile Delta, Egypt, was carried out using suitability indicators such as hazards of salinity, permeability hazard, specific ion toxicity, and miscellaneous impacts on sensitive crops. In ArcGIS 10.7, inverse distance-weighted algorithms and the Model Builder function were used to categorize irrigation water quality into different classes. According to the findings, 87% and 13% of the water samples from the study area were categorized as medium and high suitability for irrigation, respectively. The heavy metal pollution index (HPI), Nemerow index (NeI), ecological risks of heavy metal index (ERI), heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), pollution load index (PLI), and modified degree of contamination (mCd) for five selected metals, namely As, Co, Cu, Ni, and Zn, were calculated to assess heavy metal contamination levels in the study area. The results showed that HPI had 3.7% medium contamination and 96.3% high contamination; NeI was 7.4% moderately contaminated and 92.6% heavily contaminated; ERI has almost 7% low risk, 30% moderate risk, 41% considerable risk, and 22% very high risk; HEI had 100% low contamination; PLI was 100% polluted; and mCd has 18.5% moderately-heavily polluted, 63% heavily polluted, and 18.5% severely polluted samples. This research can help decision-makers manage water resources more effectively for sustainable agriculture.

农业是最大的水资源消耗者，特别是在干旱和半干旱地区，因此识别和管理这些地区的地表水质量对于保护水资源和确保可持续农业至关重要。结合埃及西尼罗河三角洲地理信息系统 (GIS) 的灌溉水质 (IWQ) 评估，使用适宜性指标进行评估，例如盐度危害、渗透危害、特定离子毒性和对敏感作物的杂项影响。在 ArcGIS 10.7 中，使用逆距离加权算法和模型构建器功能将灌溉水质分为不同的类别。根据调查结果，研究区87%和13%的水样分别被归类为中度和高度适宜灌溉。重金属污染指数（HPI）、内梅罗指数（NeI）、重金属生态风险指数（ERI）、重金属评价指数（HEI）、污染负荷指数（PLI）、修正污染程度（mCd）五项计算选定的金属，即 As、Co、Cu、Ni 和 Zn，以评估研究区域的重金属污染水平。结果表明，HPI中度污染为3.7%，高度污染为96.3%；NeI 中度污染为 7.4%，重度污染为 92.6%；ERI 几乎有 7% 的低风险、30% 的中等风险、41% 的相当风险和 22% 的极高风险；HEI 100% 低污染；PLI 被 100% 污染；mCd 有 18.5% 的中重度污染、63% 的重度污染和 18.5% 的重度污染样本。