Syracuse and the other cities of the Hyblaean area (in south-eastern Sicily) are characterized by a close relationship between building stone and geological context, since the wide use of local calcarenites characterized and defined their urban planning and architecture.

In this paper, we discuss the results of a research aimed at investigating four types of limestone used in the built heritage of Ortygia, the historic city centre of Syracuse (in south-eastern Sicily). Specifically, the following carbonate stones have been investigated: 1) Syracuse limestone and 2) Melilli limestone, from the Monti Climiti Fm., 3) Oolitic limestone from the Monte Carrubba Fm., and 4) Giuggiulena limestone from the Pleistocene Panchina. All lithotypes underwent several mineralogical-petrographic and physical-mechanical investigations to individuate the causes responsible for their different durability when placed in the outdoor environment. Results obtained were also compared with literature data concerning the other two limestones employed as building and decorative materials in the façades of historic buildings in Ortygia, precisely the “Noto limestone” and the “Lumachelle limestone”, previously studied by other authors.

Results achieved are consistent with deterioration types macroscopically observed in the monuments, and highlight the close relationship between compositional, textural, physical and mechanical characteristics of the stone and its specific damage.

Syracuse 和 Hyblaean 地区（西西里东南部）的其他城市的特点是建筑石材和地质环境之间有着密切的关系，因为当地钙质岩的广泛使用表征和定义了他们的城市规划和建筑。

在本文中，我们讨论了一项研究的结果，该研究旨在调查锡拉丘兹历史悠久的市中心（西西里岛东南部）奥蒂吉亚 (Ortygia) 建筑遗产中使用的四种石灰石。具体而言，已对以下碳酸盐岩进行了研究：1) Syracuse 石灰岩和 2) Melilli 石灰岩，来自 Monti Climiti Fm.，3)来自 Monte Carrubba Fm. 的鲕粒灰岩，以及 4) Giuggiulena 石灰岩来自更新世 Panchina。所有岩型都经过了几次矿物学-岩相学和物理-力学调查，以找出导致它们放置在室外环境中时不同耐久性的原因。获得的结果还与其他两种在 Ortygia 历史建筑外墙用作建筑和装饰材料的石灰石的文献数据进行了比较，准确地说是“ Noto 石灰石”和“ Lumachelle 石灰石”，其他作者之前研究过。

取得的结果与在古迹中宏观观察到的退化类型一致，并突出了石头的成分、质地、物理和机械特性与其具体损坏之间的密切关系。