ABSTRACT

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying the interactions between the fields of digital technology and transport and multiple terms to describe these interactions have been proposed. These include terms such as “smart mobility”, “new mobility”, “3-revolutions” and “Mobility-as-a-Service”, amongst others. While these terms encompass a wide range of technology-transportation interactions, all of them include shared mobility as one of its elements, yet there is still no broadly accepted definition in the academic literature of what the term “shared mobility” means or what type of technology-transport interactions it encompasses. The aim of this paper is to propose a taxonomy for shared mobility based on a critical engagement with the main bodies of literature across disciplinary areas that underpin this concept: (1) the interactions between digital technology and transport, and (2) the broader concept of the sharing economy. Though these two elements are sometimes mentioned together in the literature as relevant to shared mobility, to the authors’ knowledge they have not yet been combined in a published study to explicitly propose a definition or taxonomy. Having a clearly defined and broadly accepted terminology for shared mobility is important, as this is a term that is used not only in the academic literature, but also by policymakers and in policy documents, and the lack of a definition leads to a lack of clarity and shared understanding of what shared mobility involves. The literature reviewed carried out for this paper suggests that different authors use the term shared mobility in diverse ways to refer to a diverse set of solutions. The proposed taxonomy can therefore be used by public and private policymakers and academics alike to speak a common language when referring to, planning for, and evaluating shared mobility solutions.

摘要

近年来，人们对研究数字技术和交通领域之间的相互作用越来越感兴趣，并且提出了多个描述这些相互作用的术语。其中包括“智能移动”、“新移动”、“3 次革命”和“移动即服务”等术语。尽管这些术语涵盖了广泛的技术-交通交互，但它们都将共享移动性作为其要素之一，但学术文献中仍然没有广泛接受的定义，即“共享移动性”一词的含义或类型它包含的技术-运输交互。本文的目的是基于对支持这一概念的跨学科领域的主要文献的批判性参与，提出一种共享出行分类法：(1) 数字技术与交通运输之间的相互作用，以及 (2) 共享经济的更广泛概念。尽管在文献中有时将这两个元素一起提到与共享移动性相关，但据作者所知，它们尚未在已发表的研究中结合起来明确提出定义或分类。有一个明确定义和广泛接受的共享出行术语很重要，因为这个术语不仅在学术文献中使用，而且在政策制定者和政策文件中使用，缺乏定义导致缺乏明确性以及对共享出行所涉及的内容的共同理解。本文回顾的文献表明，不同的作者以不同的方式使用共享移动性一词来指代不同的解决方案。