The dojo loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is an endemic freshwater species in Asia. The effective conservation and molecular-aided selection of M. anguillicaudatus were limited without sufficient molecular markers. In this study, 112 novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were screened based on 2b-RAD sequencing database, and 56 SNPs of them were developed and characterized by genotyping 40 individuals using SNaPshot method. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.025 to 0.675, while the expected heterozygosity (He) varied from 0.025 to 0.500. The minor allele frequency (MAF) ranged from 0.013 to 0.500. Among these SNPs, 18 loci were found to deviate significantly from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction (P < 0.05). The first set of SNP markers developed from M. anguillicaudatus will provide valuable information in further population genetic analysis and natural resource conservation.

道场泥鳅Misgurnus anguillicaudatus是亚洲特有的淡水物种。M. anguillicaudatus的有效保护和分子辅助选择是有限的，没有足够的分子标记。本研究基于2b-RAD测序数据库筛选出112个新的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记，并利用SNaPshot方法对40个个体进行基因分型，开发并表征了其中的56个SNP。观察到的杂合度 ( Ho ) 的范围从 0.025 到 0.675，而预期的杂合度 ( He ) 的范围从 0.025 到 0.500。次要等位基因频率（MAF) 的范围从 0.013 到 0.500。在这些 SNP 中，发现 18 个位点在 Bonferroni 校正后显着偏离 Hardy-Weinberg 平衡（P  < 0.05）。从M. anguillicaudatus开发的第一组 SNP 标记将为进一步的种群遗传分析和自然资源保护提供有价值的信息。