Behavior energy conservation in buildings greatly impacts energy conservation and carbon reductions at the national level, and part-time space heating has become an important part of building operation. Under these conditions, heating terminals with different properties differ significantly in their heat consumption and heat grade demands. However, a comprehensive evaluation of the transference of quantities and grades of heat during the part-time heating of different terminals remains lacking. In this study, we developed a entransy-based analytical method and used it to compare the experimental and field-measured performances of three typical heating terminals (a radiator, radiant flooring, and a fan coil) from start-up to stabilization. The entire energy flow networks — from the heat source to the outdoor environment — were analyzed. Transient and cumulative entransy dissipation was analyzed to determine the energy utilization trends of the terminals. The dissipations between thermal nodes were also explored to intuitively reflect the key process(es) limiting heat transfer in a terminal. Further, we compared variations in heating performance under different operating durations to determine the applicability of each terminal type. Our results suggest that the radiant floor had the greatest entransy dissipation during start-up owing to its high thermal storage capacity and transfer resistance. However, because of the high thermal resistance of the terminal-to-chamber process, the entransy dissipation of the radiator was the greatest following stabilization (accounting for 57.0%), and the difference in the dissipation between radiators and the other terminal would increase with longer operating times.

建筑行为节能对国家层面的节能减碳影响巨大，部分空间供暖已成为建筑运营的重要组成部分。在这些条件下，不同性质的加热终端在热耗和热等级要求上存在显着差异。然而，目前还缺乏对不同终端兼职供热过程中热量传递量和等级的综合评价。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种基于火积的分析方法，并用它来比较三种典型供热终端（散热器、辐射地板和风机盘管）从启动到稳定的实验和现场测量性能。分析了从热源到室外环境的整个能量流网络。分析瞬态和累积火积耗散以确定终端的能源利用趋势。还探索了热节点之间的耗散，以直观地反映限制终端热传递的关键过程。此外，我们比较了不同运行时间下加热性能的变化，以确定每种终端类型的适用性。我们的结果表明，辐射地板在启动期间具有最大的火积耗散，因为它具有较高的蓄热能力和传输阻力。然而，由于终端到腔室工艺的高热阻，散热器的火积耗散在稳定后最大（占57.0%），