Abstract

Background

Community pharmacists have significant opportunity to contribute to prevention and treatment of opioid use disorders, but barriers to implementation still exist. Understanding their viewpoints is critical to designing future interventions.

Objective

To qualitatively explore experiences and beliefs of community pharmacists regarding the misuse of prescription opioids in the United States.

Methods

The study was part of a larger project that utilized a survey questionnaire to evaluate the relationships between knowledge, attitudes, and practices of community pharmacists in substance use disorders. The survey included an open-ended item on pharmacist views regarding the prescription opioid epidemic. The responses were used for inductive content analysis. Axial coding of themes was conducted to analyze underlying relationships: associations, consequences, intervening relationships, and action strategies regarding a central phenomenon. A model describing pharmacist experiences in the opioid epidemic was conceptualized.

Results

The open-ended question resulted in 50 (37.3%) usable responses. Final abstraction resulted in six themes including (1) overprescribing opioids: inappropriate prescribing as a contributor to the epidemic, (2) policy and practice recommendations: potential action strategies against the epidemic, (3) poor prescriber-pharmacist relationship: barrier to addressing the epidemic, (4) negative attitudes: intervening condition affecting roles of the pharmacist, (5) personal experience: facilitator to improve pharmacist roles and (6) decreased access to opioids: consequence of strict prescribing laws.

Conclusion

The study identified themes that described pharmacist views, attitudes, barriers, and experiences related to their perceived role in prevention and treatment of opioid use disorders. Future research should consider the implications of the barriers and facilitators identified.

中文翻译：

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药剂师对处方阿片类药物流行的看法

摘要

背景

社区药剂师有很大的机会为阿片类药物使用障碍的预防和治疗做出贡献，但实施障碍仍然存在。了解他们的观点对于设计未来的干预措施至关重要。

客观的

定性探索社区药剂师在美国滥用处方阿片类药物的经验和信念。

方法

该研究是一个更大项目的一部分，该项目利用调查问卷来评估社区药剂师在物质使用障碍方面的知识、态度和实践之间的关系。该调查包括一个关于药剂师对处方阿片类药物流行的看法的开放式项目。响应用于归纳内容分析。对主题进行轴编码以分析潜在关系：关联、后果、干预关系和关于中心现象的行动策略。一个描述阿片类药物流行中药剂师经验的模型被概念化。

结果

开放式问题产生了 50 个（37.3%）可用的答案。最终的抽象产生了六个主题，包括 (1) 过度使用阿片类药物：处方不当导致流行病，(2) 政策和实践建议：针对流行病的潜在行动策略，(3) 不良的处方药师关系：解决问题的障碍流行病，(4) 消极态度：影响药剂师角色的干预条件，(5) 个人经验：促进药剂师角色的改善和 (6) 减少获得阿片类药物的机会：严格的处方法律的结果。

结论

该研究确定了描述药剂师观点、态度、障碍和经验的主题，这些主题与他们在预防和治疗阿片类药物使用障碍中的感知作用相关。未来的研究应考虑所确定的障碍和促进因素的影响。