Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe brain disorder, characterized by psychotic, negative, and cognitive symptoms, affecting 1% of the population worldwide. The precise etiology of SCZ is still unknown; however, SCZ has a high heritability and is associated with genetic, environmental, and social risk factors. Even though the genetic contribution is indisputable, the discrepancies between transcriptomics and proteomics in brain tissues are consistently challenging the field to decipher the disease pathology. Here we provide an overview of the state of the art of neuronal two-dimensional and three-dimensional model systems that can be combined with proteomics analyses to decipher specific brain pathology and detection of alternative entry points for drug development.

中文翻译：

---

精神分裂症体外生物模型系统的以蛋白质为中心的观点

精神分裂症 (SCZ) 是一种严重的脑部疾病，以精神病、阴性和认知症状为特征，影响全球 1% 的人口。SCZ的确切病因尚不清楚；然而，SCZ 具有很高的遗传力，并且与遗传、环境和社会风险因素有关。尽管遗传贡献是无可争辩的，但脑组织中转录组学和蛋白质组学之间的差异一直在挑战破译疾病病理学的领域。在这里，我们概述了神经元二维和三维模型系统的最新技术，这些模型系统可以与蛋白质组学分析相结合，以破译特定的脑病理学和检测药物开发的替代切入点。