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Early–Middle Triassic fluvial ecosystems of Mallorca (Balearic Islands): Biotic communities and environmental evolution in the equatorial western peri-Tethys
Earth-Science Reviews ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-25 , DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103783
Rafel Matamales-Andreu 1, 2 , Enrique Peñalver 3 , Eudald Mujal 1, 4 , Oriol Oms 5 , Frank Scholze 6 , Josep Juárez 2 , Àngel Galobart 1, 7 , Josep Fortuny 1
Affiliation  

During the Early–Middle Triassic, the biosphere was recovering from the most severe mass extinction event of multicellular life, in the Permian–Triassic transition. Continental basins corresponding to present-day Mallorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean) were located in the equatorial region of the supercontinent Pangaea, in the western peri-Tethys. Its recorded stratigraphic succession can be divided into four alluvial/fluvial formations, formally described here: Punta Roja Formation, Estellencs Formation, Pedra Alta Formation and Son Serralta Formation. Based on an exhaustive review of all available literature and new stratigraphic and palaeontological data, an upper Olenekian–lower Anisian interval is proposed for the whole succession. The richest fossil assemblage is that of Estellencs Formation, with abundant invertebrate and vertebrate trace fossils, and remains of plants, arthropods and rare fishes, which together represent a lotic/riverine ecosystem with a relatively complex food web. Plants and insects show strong biogeographical affinities with those of the Vosges, in central Europe; clam shrimps are similar to those of central Europe and Asia; and tetrapod tracks are also reminiscent to those of Eurasia and North America. Ultimately, integration of all these data provides a comprehensive and multidisciplinary characterisation of one of the oldest Triassic ecosystems of equatorial Pangaea, providing new insights to understand the evolution of palaeoenvironments of the Iberian Plate, an area that has historically suffered from severe undersampling.



中文翻译:

马略卡岛(巴利阿里群岛)早-中三叠世河流生态系统:赤道西部特提斯群岛西部的生物群落和环境演化

在早-中三叠世期间,生物圈正在从二叠纪-三叠纪过渡中最严重的多细胞生物大规模灭绝事件中恢复过来。与今天的马略卡岛(巴利阿里群岛,地中海西部)相对应的大陆盆地位于超大陆 Pangaea 的赤道地区,在西特提斯群岛西部。其记录的地层序列可分为四个冲积/河流地层,在此正式描述:Punta Roja 地层、Estellencs 地层、Pedra Alta 地层和 Son Serralta 地层。基于对所有可用文献和新的地层学和古生物学数据的详尽审查,提出了整个序列的上奥列尼克阶 - 下阿尼西阶区间。最丰富的化石组合是 Estellencs 组,有丰富的无脊椎动物和脊椎动物踪迹化石,以及植物、节肢动物和珍稀鱼类的遗骸,共同代表了一个具有相对复杂食物网的水流/河流生态系统。植物和昆虫与中欧孚日地区的植物和昆虫显示出强烈的生物地理亲缘关系;蛤蜊虾与中欧和亚洲的虾类相似;四足动物的足迹也让人想起欧亚大陆和北美的足迹。最终,所有这些数据的整合提供了赤道盘古最古老的三叠纪生态系统之一的综合和多学科特征,为了解伊比利亚板块古环境的演变提供了新的见解,该地区在历史上曾遭受过严重的采样不足。它们共同代表了一个具有相对复杂食物网的水流/河流生态系统。植物和昆虫与中欧孚日地区的植物和昆虫显示出强烈的生物地理亲缘关系;蛤蜊虾与中欧和亚洲的蛤蜊虾相似;四足动物的足迹也让人想起欧亚大陆和北美的足迹。最终,所有这些数据的整合提供了赤道盘古最古老的三叠纪生态系统之一的综合和多学科特征,为了解伊比利亚板块古环境的演变提供了新的见解,该地区在历史上曾遭受过严重的采样不足。它们共同代表了一个具有相对复杂食物网的水流/河流生态系统。植物和昆虫与中欧孚日地区的植物和昆虫显示出强烈的生物地理亲缘关系;蛤蜊虾与中欧和亚洲的蛤蜊虾相似;四足动物的足迹也让人想起欧亚大陆和北美的足迹。最终,所有这些数据的整合提供了赤道盘古最古老的三叠纪生态系统之一的综合和多学科特征,为了解伊比利亚板块古环境的演变提供了新的见解,该地区在历史上曾遭受过严重的采样不足。蛤蜊虾与中欧和亚洲的虾类相似;四足动物的足迹也让人想起欧亚大陆和北美的足迹。最终,所有这些数据的整合提供了赤道盘古最古老的三叠纪生态系统之一的综合和多学科特征,为了解伊比利亚板块古环境的演变提供了新的见解,该地区在历史上曾遭受过严重的采样不足。蛤蜊虾与中欧和亚洲的虾类相似;四足动物的足迹也让人想起欧亚大陆和北美的足迹。最终,所有这些数据的整合提供了赤道盘古最古老的三叠纪生态系统之一的综合和多学科特征,为了解伊比利亚板块古环境的演变提供了新的见解,该地区在历史上曾遭受过严重的采样不足。

更新日期:2021-10-19
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