Soil loss due to crop harvest in Southern Brazil: effect of potato morphology,Plant and Soil

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Soil loss due to crop harvest in Southern Brazil: effect of potato morphology
Plant and Soil ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-23 , DOI: 10.1007/s11104-021-05114-5
Edivaldo L. Thomaz ₁ , Juliane Bereze ₁

Affiliation

Purpose

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is important to the world population’s food security. However, potato production is implicated in several environmental problems, particularly soil loss due to crop harvest (SLCH). Moreover, a knowledge bias about this process exists given that most related studies are from Europe. Most studies compare SLCH differences among tuber and root characteristics of distinct crops but not the tuber morphologies, e.g., spherical and elongated ones, within the same crop.

Aims

This study aimed to (a) estimate the SLCH in potatoes with contrasting morphologies in a very clayey soil; (b) test whether the potato morphology allied to soil moisture affects the sediment exportation.

Methods

A total of 205 potatoes from four plots were collected for morphological and sediment exportation assessments. Several morphological characteristics were measured: weight (g), volume (cm³), axis dimension (mm), concavities (the number and volume), sediment adherence (g), and soil moisture (g kg⁻¹).

Results

The spherical potatoes exported 1.28 kg sediment per ton⁻¹ of harvested potato, whereas the elongated ones exported 20% more sediment (1.54 kg). The harvested field with a high soil moisture content (≈ 26%) exported three times more sediment than the field with the lowest moisture content (≈ 16%).

Conclusions

The SLCH measured in the study area was lower (0.062 Mg ha⁻¹ harvest⁻¹) than most values reported in the literature. In addition, the potato morphological characteristics affected soil adherence at distinct soil moisture contents. The harvesting technique can be critical to reduce the SLCH.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

巴西南部作物收获造成的土壤流失：马铃薯形态的影响

目的

马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）对世界人口的粮食安全很重要。然而，马铃薯生产涉及若干环境问题，尤其是作物收获造成的土壤流失 (SLCH)。此外，鉴于大多数相关研究来自欧洲，因此存在关于此过程的知识偏见。大多数研究比较了不同作物的块茎和根系特征之间的 SLCH 差异，而不是同一作物中的块茎形态，例如球形和细长形。