Electrospinning is an innovative technique that allows production of nanofibers and microfibers by applying a high voltage to polymer solutions of melts. The properties of these fibers – which include high surface area, high drug loading capacity, and ability to be manufactured from mucoadhesive polymers – may be particularly useful in a myriad of drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. The last decade has witnessed a surge of interest in the application of electrospinning technology for the fabrication of vaginal drug delivery systems for the treatment and prevention of diseases associated with women's sexual and reproductive health, including sexually transmitted infections (e.g. infection with human immunodeficiency virus and herpes simplex virus) vaginitis, preterm birth, contraception, multipurpose prevention technology strategies, cervicovaginal cancer, and general maintenance of vaginal health. Due to their excellent mechanical properties, electrospun scaffolds are also being investigated as next-generation materials in the surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. In this article, we review the latest advances in the field.

静电纺丝是一种创新技术，可通过对聚合物熔体溶液施加高压来生产纳米纤维和微纤维。这些纤维的特性——包括高表面积、高载药能力和由粘膜粘附聚合物制造的能力——可能在无数药物输送和组织工程应用中特别有用。在过去的十年中，人们对应用静电纺丝技术制造阴道给药系统的兴趣激增，以治疗和预防与女性性健康和生殖健康相关的疾病，包括性传播感染（例如人类免疫缺陷病毒感染和单纯疱疹病毒）阴道炎，早产，避孕，多用途预防技术策略、宫颈阴道癌和阴道健康的一般维护。由于其优异的机械性能，静电纺丝支架也正在被研究作为骨盆器官脱垂手术治疗的下一代材料。在本文中，我们回顾了该领域的最新进展。