One of the major advantages of SOFCs is their high fuel flexibility. Next to natural gas and hydrogen, which are today's most common fuels for SOFC-systems and cell-/stack-testing respectively, various other fuels are applicable as well. In the literature, a number of promising results show that available fuels as propane, butane, ammonia, gasoline, diesel etc. can be applied. Here, the performance of an anode supported cell operated in specialized single cell test benches with different gaseous and liquid fuels and reformates thereof is presented. Fuels as ammonia, dissolved urea (AddBlue^TM), methane/steam and ethanol/water mixtures can directly be fed to the cell, whereas propane and diesel require external reforming. It is shown that in case of a stable fuel supply the cell performance with such fuels is similar to that of appropriate mixtures of H₂, N₂, CO, CO₂, and steam, if the impact of endothermic reforming or decomposition reactions is considered. Even though a stable fuel cell operation with such fuels is possible in a single cell test bench, it should be pointed out that an appropriate fuel processing will be mandatory on the system level.

中文翻译：

---

固体氧化物燃料电池的燃料灵活性

SOFC 的主要优势之一是其燃料灵活性高。除了天然气和氢气（它们分别是当今 SOFC 系统和电池/电池堆测试的最常用燃料）之外，还可以使用其他各种燃料。在文献中，许多有希望的结果表明可以应用可用的燃料，如丙烷、丁烷、氨、汽油、柴油等。在这里，介绍了在具有不同气体和液体燃料及其重整产品的专用单电池测试台上运行的阳极支撑电池的性能。以氨、溶解尿素为燃料（AddBlue ^TM)，甲烷/蒸汽和乙醇/水混合物可以直接送入电池，而丙烷和柴油需要外部重整。结果表明，在稳定燃料供应的情况下，如果考虑吸热重整或分解反应的影响，使用此类燃料的电池性能类似于 H ₂、N ₂、CO、CO ₂和蒸汽的适当混合物的电池性能. 即使在单电池试验台上使用这种燃料进行稳定的燃料电池运行是可能的，但应该指出的是，在系统级别上必须进行适当的燃料处理。