The antifungal activity of postharvest kiwifruit against the pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea was evaluated for 33 essential oil monomers. The possible mechanism for the known active compounds were further assessed in this study. The results show all the EO components exhibit inhibitory effects on the pathogen to different degrees except for Farnesol. Carbon chain length and C₂-C₃ double bonds had a great effect on the antifungal activities of aldehydes. Of all of these, carvacrol had the strongest antifungal activity with EC₅₀ of 12.58 μL/L and EC₉₀ of 22.08 μL/L. Carvacrol also exhibits significant inhibitory effects on the pathogen, both in vivo and in vitro. Carvacrol evidently alters the hyphal morphology of B. dothidea and severely damages cell membrane and inhibits the formation of lipid components on the membrane. As cell membrane permeability increases, intracellular homeostasis including ion and biomacromolecules were destroyed by carvacrol. Furthermore, carvacrol appears to significantly inhibit mitochondrial activity and respiration rates, resulting in cell death of B. dothidea. Our results provide evidence that carvacrol could be a very useful compound for controlling postharvest rot soft in kiwifruit.

针对 33 种精油单体评估了采后猕猴桃对病原体Botryosphaeria dothidea的抗真菌活性。本研究进一步评估了已知活性化合物的可能机制。结果表明，除 Farnesol 外，所有 EO 组分均对病原体表现出不同程度的抑制作用。碳链长度和C ₂ -C ₃双键对醛类的抗真菌活性有很大影响。在所有这些中，香芹酚具有最强的抗真菌活性，EC ₅₀为12.58 μL/L，EC ₉₀为22.08 μL/L。香芹酚在体内和体外对病原体也表现出显着的抑制作用. Carvacrol 明显改变B. dothidea的菌丝形态并严重破坏细胞膜并抑制膜上脂质成分的形成。随着细胞膜通透性的增加，包括离子和生物大分子在内的细胞内稳态被香芹酚破坏。此外，香芹酚似乎显着抑制线粒体活性和呼吸速率，导致B. dothidea细胞死亡。我们的研究结果证明香芹酚可能是一种非常有用的化合物，可用于控制猕猴桃的采后软腐病。