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Circadian rhythms of insect pheromone titer, calling, emission, and response: a review
The Science of Nature ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-23 , DOI: 10.1007/s00114-021-01746-w
Anat Levi-Zada 1 , John A. Byers 2
Affiliation  

Many insect species have circadian rhythms of pheromone production/titer, calling, emission, and response that are involved in intraspecific communication and impact pest management practices. Rhythms of pheromone biosynthesis, most studied in moths affecting forestry and agriculture, contribute to a periodicity of pheromone concentration or titer within glands or hemolymph. Calling rhythms by the pheromone-emitting sex are physical movements (pumping, vibrating wings) that aid in release and dispersion of the volatile pheromone components attractive to the opposite conspecific sex or both sexes. Circadian rhythms of emission of pheromone also occur as a result of an interaction between calling and the titer of pheromone available for release. Responding individuals usually show a coincidental rhythm of dispersal flight while seeking pheromone plumes in which, by orienting upwind, the insects find mates or food resources. However, some species begin searching an hour or more before the emitting sex initiates calling and emission, which benefits mass trapping control programs because the baited traps do not compete initially with natural pheromone sources. In our review, data of daily rhythms of moths and other insects were extracted from the literature by screen capture software to calculate mean time of activity and standard deviation and fit to normal curves. These methods are illustrated for various insects and as a basis for discussion of interactions of pheromonal circadian rhythms of the well-studied gypsy moth Lymantria dispar, spruce budworm moth Choristoneura fumiferana, turnip moth Agrotis segetum, and cabbage looper moth Trichoplusia ni. The various circadian rhythms are discussed in relation to application of species-specific sex and aggregation pheromones for benign biological control and management of pest insects.



中文翻译:

昆虫信息素滴度、呼叫、发射和反应的昼夜节律:综述

许多昆虫物种具有涉及种内交流和影响害虫管理实践的信息素产生/滴度、呼叫、排放和响应的昼夜节律。信息素生物合成的节律,在影响林业和农业的飞蛾中研究得最多,有助于腺体或血淋巴内信息素浓度或滴度的周期性。释放信息素的性别调用节律是身体运动(抽动,振动翅膀),有助于释放和分散对异性或两性有吸引力的挥发性信息素成分。信息素发射的昼夜节律也由于呼叫和可用于释放的信息素滴度之间的相互作用而发生。有反应的个体在寻找信息素羽流时通常表现出一种偶然的散播节奏,在这些羽流中,昆虫通过逆风方向寻找配偶或食物资源。然而,一些物种在发射性别开始呼叫和发射之前一个小时或更长时间开始搜索,这有利于大规模诱捕控制程序,因为诱饵诱捕器最初不会与天然信息素来源竞争。在我们的综述中,飞蛾和其他昆虫的日常节律数据是通过屏幕捕获软件从文献中提取的,以计算平均活动时间和标准偏差并拟合正态曲线。这些方法针对各种昆虫进行了说明,并作为讨论经过充分研究的吉普赛蛾的信息素昼夜节律相互作用的基础 昆虫寻找配偶或食物资源。然而,一些物种在发射性别开始呼叫和发射之前一个小时或更长时间开始搜索,这有利于大规模诱捕控制程序,因为诱饵诱捕器最初不会与天然信息素来源竞争。在我们的综述中,飞蛾和其他昆虫的日常节律数据是通过屏幕捕获软件从文献中提取的,以计算平均活动时间和标准偏差并拟合正态曲线。这些方法针对各种昆虫进行了说明,并作为讨论经过充分研究的吉普赛蛾的信息素昼夜节律相互作用的基础 昆虫寻找配偶或食物资源。然而,一些物种在发射性别开始呼叫和发射之前一个小时或更长时间开始搜索,这有利于大规模诱捕控制程序,因为诱饵诱捕器最初不会与天然信息素来源竞争。在我们的综述中,飞蛾和其他昆虫的日常节律数据是通过屏幕捕获软件从文献中提取的,以计算平均活动时间和标准偏差并拟合正态曲线。这些方法针对各种昆虫进行了说明,并作为讨论经过充分研究的吉普赛蛾的信息素昼夜节律相互作用的基础 这有利于大规模诱捕控制程序,因为诱饵诱捕器最初不会与天然信息素来源竞争。在我们的综述中,飞蛾和其他昆虫的日常节律数据是通过屏幕捕获软件从文献中提取的,以计算平均活动时间和标准偏差并拟合正态曲线。这些方法针对各种昆虫进行了说明,并作为讨论经过充分研究的吉普赛蛾的信息素昼夜节律相互作用的基础 这有利于大规模诱捕控制程序,因为诱饵诱捕器最初不会与天然信息素来源竞争。在我们的综述中,飞蛾和其他昆虫的日常节律数据是通过屏幕捕获软件从文献中提取的,以计算平均活动时间和标准偏差并拟合正态曲线。这些方法针对各种昆虫进行了说明,并作为讨论经过充分研究的吉普赛蛾的信息素昼夜节律相互作用的基础Lymantria dispar、云杉budwormChoristoneura fumiferana、芜菁蛾Agrotis segetum和卷心菜螟蛾Trichoplusia ni。讨论了与物种特异性性别和聚集信息素在害虫的良性生物控制和管理中的应用相关的各种昼夜节律。

更新日期:2021-08-24
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