Neutrophil function and bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass,Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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Neutrophil function and bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass
Journal of Leukocyte Biology ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-23 , DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ab1219-737rr
Mathieu Lesouhaitier _{1,

2} , Murielle Gregoire _{2,

3} , Arnaud Gacouin ₁ , Valentin Coirier ₁ , Aurélien Frerou ₁ , Caroline Piau ₄ , Vincent Cattoir ₄ , Erwan Dumontet _{2,

3} , Matthieu Revest ₁ , Pierre Tattevin ₁ , Antoine Roisne ₅ , Jean-Philippe Verhoye ₆ , Erwan Flecher ₆ , Yves Le Tulzo _{1,

2} , Karin Tarte _{2,

3} , Jean-Marc Tadié _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Staphylococcus aureus is the main bacterial pathogen encountered in mediastinitis after cardiac surgical procedures; it remains a devastating complication with a high mortality rate. As neutrophils have a primordial role in the defense against staphylococcus infection and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is known to induce immunosuppression, the aim of this study was to investigate CPB impact on neutrophil functions. Patients without known immunosuppression scheduled for cardiac surgery with CPB were included. Bone marrow and blood samples were harvested before, during, and after surgery. Neutrophil phenotypic maturation and functions (migration, adhesion, neutrophil extracellular trap [NET] release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, phagocytosis, and bacteria killing) were investigated. Two types of Staphylococcus aureus strains (one from asymptomatic nasal carriage and another from mediastinitis infected tissues) were used to assess in vitro bacterial direct impact on neutrophils. We found that CPB induced a systemic inflammation with an increase in circulating mature neutrophils after surgery. Bone marrow sample analysis did not reveal any modification of neutrophil maturation during CPB. Neutrophil lifespan was significantly increased and functions such as NET release and ROS production were enhanced after CPB whereas bacteria killing and phagocytosis were not impacted. Results were similar with the two different isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. These data suggest that CPB induces a recruitment of mature neutrophils via a demargination process rather than impacting their maturation in the bone marrow. In addition, neutrophils are fully efficient after CPB and do not contribute to postoperative immunosuppression.

中文翻译：

体外循环心脏手术后中性粒细胞功能及对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌活性

金黄色葡萄球菌是心脏外科手术后纵隔炎中遇到的主要细菌病原体；它仍然是一种具有高死亡率的毁灭性并发症。由于中性粒细胞在防御葡萄球菌感染和体外循环 (CPB) 会诱导免疫抑制中发挥重要作用，因此本研究的目的是调查 CPB 对中性粒细胞功能的影响。包括没有已知免疫抑制且计划进行 CPB 心脏手术的患者。在手术前、手术中和手术后采集骨髓和血液样本。研究了中性粒细胞表型成熟和功能（迁移、粘附、中性粒细胞胞外陷阱 [NET] 释放、活性氧 (ROS) 产生、吞噬作用和细菌杀灭）。两种类型金黄色葡萄球菌菌株（一种来自无症状的鼻腔携带，另一种来自纵隔炎感染的组织）用于评估体外细菌对中性粒细胞的直接影响。我们发现 CPB 诱导全身炎症，手术后循环成熟中性粒细胞增加。骨髓样本分析未显示 CPB 期间中性粒细胞成熟的任何改变。CPB 后中性粒细胞寿命显着增加，NET 释放和 ROS 产生等功能增强，而细菌杀灭和吞噬作用不受影响。结果与两种不同的金黄色葡萄球菌分离株相似. 这些数据表明，CPB 通过边缘分离过程诱导成熟中性粒细胞的募集，而不是影响它们在骨髓中的成熟。此外，中性粒细胞在体外循环后完全有效，对术后免疫抑制没有贡献。

更新日期：2021-08-23

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