Occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium (Cr⁺⁶) has reported in different industries. The Cr⁶⁺ has the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects. The aim of this study was to provide a meta-analysis and health risk assessment of occupational exposure to Cr⁶⁺ in Iranian workplaces. Databases including Scopus, Web of Sciences (WOS), and Scientific Information Database (SID), as a national database, were searched from 2000 to February 2021. The related studies to occupational exposure to Cr⁶⁺ were selected by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Lung cancer and non-cancer risk (nasal mucosal irritation, atrophy, and perforation) of Cr⁶⁺ were estimated by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) method, based on the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). Also, the results of spirometry and biomonitoring of previous studies were reviewed. We found 14 articles based on inclusion criteria. Pooled concentration of Cr⁶⁺ was estimated 0.037 ± 0.002 mg/m³ which was higher than the recommended exposure limit by the ACGIH (0.002 mg/m³). The mean lung cancer risk was estimated to be 5.49E-2, which was considerable risk. In the Cr⁶⁺-exposed workers, all parameters of pulmonary function had decreased. The level of Cr⁶⁺ in urinary and blood samples was higher than threshold limit. Results indicated that exposure to Cr⁶⁺ and its health risk were more than recommended exposure limit. The results of present study could be helpful for health policy maker to control exposure to Cr⁶⁺ in workplaces.

不同行业报告了职业暴露于六价铬 (Cr ^{+6 ) 的情况。}Cr ⁶⁺具有致癌和非致癌作用。本研究的目的是对伊朗工作场所的 Cr ⁶⁺职业暴露提供荟萃分析和健康风险评估。检索2000年至2021年2月的国家数据库Scopus、Web of Sciences (WOS)、Scientific Information Database (SID)等数据库。Cr ⁶⁺职业暴露相关研究入选系统性首选报告项目。审查和元分析 (PRISMA) 协议。^{Cr 6+}的肺癌和非癌症风险（鼻粘膜刺激、萎缩和穿孔）由环境保护署 (EPA) 方法估计，基于蒙特卡罗模拟 (MCS)。此外，还回顾了以往研究的肺活量测定和生物监测结果。我们根据纳入标准找到了 14 篇文章。Cr ⁶⁺的综合浓度估计为 0.037 ± 0.002 mg/m ³，高于 ACGIH 推荐的暴露限值 (0.002 mg/m ³ )。平均肺癌风险估计为 5.49E-2，这是相当大的风险。在接触Cr ⁶⁺的工人中，肺功能的所有参数都下降了。尿样和血样中Cr ^{6+水平高于阈值。}结果表明，暴露于 Cr ⁶⁺并且其健康风险超过推荐的接触限值。本研究结果可能有助于卫生政策制定者控制工作场所的 Cr ⁶⁺暴露。