Over the past years, transition metal phosphides (TMPs)-based materials have attracted extensive attention as noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions and oxygen evolution reactions because of their high conductivity, high electrocatalytic activity, and stability. As a typical TMP, CoP-based materials are widely adopted as electrocatalysts in electrochemical water splitting owing to their unique physical properties, such as a P-rich component and superior charge transferability. Very recently, the research efforts focus on using various effective strategies to further enhance the electrocatalytic performance of CoP-based catalysts. However, no guideline for systematically improving their electrocatalytic activity exists currently. Hence, this review summarizes recent advances in optimizing the electrocatalytic performance of CoP-based materials from four aspects, namely, morphology design, construction of heterointerface, defect engineering, and atomic doping. Finally, this study briefly proposes the existing challenges and the future working directions for designing advanced CoP-based electrocatalysts and other non-previous metal electrocatalysts.

近年来，基于过渡金属磷化物（TMPs）的材料由于其高电导率、高电催化活性和稳定性，作为用于析氢反应和析氧反应的无贵金属电催化剂引起了广泛的关注。作为典型的 TMP，CoP 基材料由于其独特的物理性质，如富 P 组分和优异的电荷转移性，被广泛用作电化学水分解的电催化剂。最近，研究工作集中在使用各种有效策略来进一步提高 CoP 基催化剂的电催化性能。然而，目前尚无系统提高其电催化活性的指南。因此，本综述从形态设计、异质界面构建、缺陷工程和原子掺杂四个方面总结了优化CoP基材料电催化性能的最新进展。最后，本研究简要提出了设计先进的 CoP 基电催化剂和其他非金属电催化剂的现有挑战和未来的工作方向。