Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a promising technology for the construction industry, and BIM models have become widely accepted as 3D construction models. Currently, BIM data are often organized by product level to support cross-platform parallel and real-time visualization. However, cross-platform visualization of BIM products with large volumes of geometric data still poses a challenge to both triangulation and rendering processes. Existing efforts have mainly used geometric simplification and geometric data streaming technologies. This study addresses this issue from a different perspective by partitioning original large-scale BIM products into small BIM sub-products. First, a novel heterogeneous geometric relationship model (HeGeo) is proposed to categorize BIM relationships into reference, decomposition, and association relationships according to Industry Foundation Classes. On top of the HeGeo, a strategy for partitioning the geometric data of the original BIM products is proposed. Empirical studies were conducted on nine BIM models with a BIM product embedding all the geometric data. The experimental results showed that the proposed scheme improved triangulation efficiency 3.05 ± 0.57 times with the same hardware resources and the same triangulation tool through a parallel computing framework and raised the triangular mesh loading efficiency 1.53 ± 0.29 times by processing requests concurrently. In addition, the proposed scheme improved the user experience of online BIM visualization tools through incremental rendering. The segmentation scheme was generalized to product-level and floor-level schemes by constraining the segmentation nodes to BIM products and floors respectively. Thus, the segmentation scheme could be applied to any BIM model and facilitate BIM adoption by all stakeholders during a building's life cycle.

建筑信息模型 (BIM) 是建筑行业的一项有前途的技术，BIM 模型已被广泛接受为 3D 施工模型。目前，BIM数据往往是按产品级别来组织，以支持跨平台并行实时可视化。然而，具有大量几何数据的 BIM 产品的跨平台可视化仍然对三角测量和渲染过程提出了挑战。现有的工作主要使用几何简化和几何数据流技术。本研究通过将原始大型 BIM 产品划分为小型 BIM 子产品，从不同的角度解决了这个问题。首先，提出了一种新的异构几何关系模型（HeGeo）将 BIM 关系分类为参考、分解、和根据行业基础类的关联关系。在HeGeo之上，提出了原始BIM产品几何数据的划分策略。对九个 BIM 模型进行了实证研究，其中一个 BIM 产品嵌入了所有几何数据。实验结果表明，该方案通过并行计算框架，在相同硬件资源和相同三角剖分工具的情况下，三角剖分效率提高了3.05±0.57倍，并发处理请求将三角网格加载效率提高了1.53±0.29倍。此外，所提出的方案通过增量渲染改善了在线BIM可视化工具的用户体验。通过将分割节点分别约束到 BIM 产品和楼层，将分割方案推广到产品级和楼层级方案。因此，分割方案可以应用于任何 BIM 模型，并促进所有利益相关者在建筑物的生命周期中采用 BIM。