Cholera is a global health problem causing up to 143,000 deaths every year. With the surge of suspected cholera cases exceeding 1.2 million in the largest ongoing worldwide humanitarian crisis since 2016, cholera has come to the fore as a global problem. Taking into consideration that the disease is mainly spread by contaminated water, there is a crucial need to ensure that water sources and food are not contaminated with toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, which is the pathogen that causes cholera disease. Determining if water sources are contaminated with the bacteria, and early diagnosis of suspected cholera cases are the two most important strategies to prevent the spread of this disease. However, plate culturing remains the gold standard for V. cholerae detection, which takes days to obtain results. Although molecular detection techniques are faster and more sensitive in detecting the bacteria, they require infrastructure and trained users that are not available in many situations.

The field of biosensors is evolving away from sensing mechanisms to focus on the needs of healthcare providers and consumers. Medical professionals and industry care about using the best device for a specific problem more than how the instrument performs its function. Therefore, this review is organized by specific use cases and lists which analytical tools are currently available for each situation associated with Vibrio cholerae detection/monitoring and cholera disease diagnosis. We believe this format will help accelerate the translation of technology from the bench into products and provide insights about which areas require additional research.

霍乱是一个全球性的健康问题，每年导致多达 143,000 人死亡。在自 2016 年以来持续最大的全球人道主义危机中，疑似霍乱病例激增超过 120 万，霍乱已成为一个全球性问题。考虑到该疾病主要通过受污染的水传播，因此迫切需要确保水源和食物不受产毒霍乱弧菌（导致霍乱病的病原体）的污染。确定水源是否被细菌污染以及对疑似霍乱病例进行早期诊断是防止这种疾病传播的两个最重要的策略。然而，平板培养仍然是霍乱弧菌的金标准检测，这需要几天才能获得结果。尽管分子检测技术在检测细菌方面更快、更灵敏，但它们需要基础设施和训练有素的用户，而这在许多情况下是不可用的。

生物传感器领域正在从传感机制演变为关注医疗保健提供者和消费者的需求。医疗专业人员和行业更关心使用最佳设备解决特定问题，而不是仪器如何执行其功能。因此，本次审查按特定用例进行组织，并列出了当前可用于与霍乱弧菌检测/监测和霍乱疾病诊断相关的每种情况的分析工具。我们相信这种格式将有助于加速将技术从工作台转化为产品，并提供有关哪些领域需要额外研究的见解。