Self-limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes (ECTS) is a self-limiting childhood epilepsy with an overall good prognosis. The neurocognitive profile of ECTS shows various degrees of neuropsychological impairment, with speech impairment and executive dysfunction being the most prominent. This review aimed to clarify the executive function (EF) profile of children with ECTS and the clinical variables’ impact on these abilities. We conducted a systematic review of the relevant literature for articles published up to January 2021. Demographic and clinical characteristics were abstracted from the original records. EF tasks used in the studies were classified according to Diamond’s model, which identified four components: working memory, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and higher order EFs. Twenty-three studies were included. Among the included records, 14 studies examined working memory, 15 inhibitory control, 15 flexibility, 4 higher order EFs, and 2 general EFs. Results confirmed the presence of a specific impairment in two abilities: inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. This review confirms the need to assess each EF both in verbal and visual-spatial tasks. The early detection of children with ECTS at risk of developing neuropsychological impairment could activate interventions and prevent worse school achievement, social functioning, and a poor quality of life.

Systematic review registration: PROSPERO: CRD42021245959.

自限性癫痫伴中央颞棘波 (ECTS) 是一种自限性儿童癫痫，总体预后良好。ECTS 的神经认知特征显示出不同程度的神经心理障碍，其中以言语障碍和执行功能障碍最为突出。本综述旨在阐明 ECTS 儿童的执行功能 (EF) 特征以及临床变量对这些能力的影响。我们对截至 2021 年 1 月发表的文章的相关文献进行了系统回顾。人口统计学和临床​​特征是从原始记录中提取的。研究中使用的 EF 任务根据 Diamond 模型进行分类，该模型确定了四个组成部分：工作记忆、抑制控制、认知灵活性和高阶 EF。纳入了 23 项研究。在纳入的记录中，14 项研究检查了工作记忆、15 项抑制控制、15 项灵活性、4 项高阶 EF 和 2 项一般 EF。结果证实了两种能力存在特定损害：抑制控制和认知灵活性。该审查确认需要在语言和视觉空间任务中评估每个 EF。早期发现有发生神经心理障碍风险的 ECTS 儿童可以激活干预措施并防止学习成绩、社会功能和生活质量下降。该审查确认需要在语言和视觉空间任务中评估每个 EF。早期发现有发生神经心理障碍风险的 ECTS 儿童可以激活干预措施并防止学习成绩、社会功能和生活质量下降。该审查确认需要在语言和视觉空间任务中评估每个 EF。早期发现有发生神经心理障碍风险的 ECTS 儿童可以激活干预措施并防止学习成绩、社会功能和生活质量下降。

系统评价注册：PROSPERO：CRD42021245959。