The intracellular multiprotein complex β-catenin destruction complex plays a key role in Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Wnt stimulation induces the assembly of the receptor-associated signalosome and the inactivation of the destruction complex, leading to β-catenin accumulation and transcriptional activation of the target genes. The core components of the destruction complex include Axin, APC, GSK3β, CK1α and other proteins. Recent studies demonstrated that Axin and APC undergo liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), which is critical for their function to regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Here, we discuss the possible roles of LLPS in Wnt/β-catenin signaling and regulation of Axin LLPS by post-translational modifications.

中文翻译：

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液-液相分离驱动β-连环蛋白破坏复合物的形成

细胞内多蛋白复合物 β-catenin 破坏复合物在 Wnt/β-catenin 信号传导中起关键作用。Wnt 刺激诱导受体相关信号小体的组装和破坏复合物的失活，导致 β-连环蛋白积累和靶基因的转录激活。破坏复合物的核心成分包括Axin、APC、GSK3β、CK1α等蛋白质。最近的研究表明 Axin 和 APC 经历了液-液相分离 (LLPS)，这对其调节 Wnt/β-catenin 信号传导的功能至关重要。在这里，我们讨论了 LLPS 在 Wnt/β-catenin 信号传导和通过翻译后修饰调节 Axin LLPS 中的可能作用。