In this study, indium tin oxide (ITO) glass was coated with silver nanowires (AgNWs) by ultrasonic spray coating to roughen the ITO surface, yielding a surface texture comparable to that obtained by chemical etching. A compact layer (CL) of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) was coated on the AgNWs/ITO surface by sputtering to improve the properties of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). A TiO₂ CL was used as a protective layer on AgNWs to prevent oxidation and increase the adhesion of AgNWs. The TiO₂ CL also effectively inhibited the carrier recombination between the electrolyte solution and ITO interface, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency (η) of the DSSC device. The experiment results indicated that the η of DSSC devices with a CL deposited under the working electrode increased from 4.06% to 4.37%. The integration of the CL and AgNWs to CL/AgNWs/ITO structure increased the η of DSSC devices further to 4.59%. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was performed to analyze two DSSC structures, namely CL/ITO and CL/AgNWs/ITO; the electron lifetime increased from 0.35 ms to 0.55 ms and the charge collection rate increased from 64.5% to 75.2%. Therefore, CL/AgNWs/ITO working electrode structure can effectively improve the performance of DSSC devices.

在这项研究中，氧化铟锡 (ITO) 玻璃通过超声波喷涂涂覆银纳米线 (AgNWs) 以粗糙化 ITO 表面，产生与化学蚀刻获得的表面纹理相当的表面纹理。通过溅射将二氧化钛 (TiO ₂ )致密层 (CL)涂覆在 AgNWs/ITO 表面以改善染料敏化太阳能电池 (DSSC) 的性能。TiO ₂ CL用作AgNWs上的保护层以防止氧化并增加AgNWs的附着力。钛白粉₂CL还有效抑制了电解液与ITO界面之间的载流子复合，从而提高了DSSC器件的光电转换效率（η）。实验结果表明，在工作电极下沉积有 CL 的 DSSC 器件的 η 从 4.06% 增加到 4.37%。CL 和 AgNWs 与 CL/AgNWs/ITO 结构的集成使 DSSC 器件的 η 进一步增加到 4.59%。电化学阻抗谱分析了两种DSSC结构，即CL/ITO和CL/AgNWs/ITO；电子寿命从 0.35 ms 增加到 0.55 ms，电荷收集率从 64.5% 增加到 75.2%。因此，CL/AgNWs/ITO工作电极结构可以有效提高DSSC器件的性能。