The development of ‘smart’ scaffolds has achieved notoriety among current prospects for bone repair, especially for chronic osteopathy, such as osteoporosis. Millions of individuals in the world suffer from poor bone healing due to osteoporosis. The objective of this work was to produce and characterize castor polyurethane (PU) scaffolds (Ricinus communis L.) and evaluate its in vitro biocompatibility with stem cells and osteoinductive effect in vivo on bone failures in a leporid model of osteoporosis. The material was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, SEM, and porosity analysis. Then, the biocompatibility was assessed by adhesion using SEM and cytotoxicity in a 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium assay. The osteoinductive effect in vivo was determined in bone defects in rabbit tibias (Oryctolagus cuniculus) submitted to castor PU scaffold, castor PU scaffold associated with stem cells, and negative control, after four and eight weeks, evaluated by computed microtomography and histopathology. The scaffolds were porous, with an average pore size of 209.5 98.2 m, absence of cytotoxicity, and positive cell adhesiveness in vitro. All the animals presented osteoporosis, characterized by multifocal osteoblastic inactivity and areas of mild fibrosis. There were no statistical differences between these treatments in the fourth week of treatment. In the eighth week, the treatment with castor PU scaffold alone induced more significant bone formation when compared to the other groups, followed by treatment with an association between castor PU scaffold and stem cells. The castor PU scaffold was harmless to cell culture, favoring cell adhesiveness and proliferation, in addition to inducing bone neoformation in osteoporotic rabbits.

“智能”支架的开发在目前的骨修复前景中享有盛誉，特别是对于慢性骨病，如骨质疏松症。世界上数以百万计的人因骨质疏松症而遭受骨愈合不良的困扰。这项工作的目的是生产和表征蓖麻聚氨酯 (PU) 支架（蓖麻），并评估其与干细胞的体外生物相容性和体内骨诱导作用在 leporid 骨质疏松症模型中的骨衰竭。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析、SEM 和孔隙率分析对该材料进行了表征。然后，通过使用 SEM 的粘附和 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium 测定中的细胞毒性来评估生物相容性。在 4 周和 8 周后，通过计算机显微断层扫描和组织病理学评估，在接受蓖麻 PU 支架、与干细胞相关的蓖麻 PU 支架和阴性对照的兔胫骨 ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ) 的骨缺损中测定体内骨诱导作用。支架是多孔的，平均孔径为209.5×98.2 m，无细胞毒性，体外细胞粘附呈阳性。所有动物都出现骨质疏松症，其特征是多灶性成骨细胞不活动和轻度纤维化区域。在治疗的第四周，这些治疗之间没有统计学差异。在第 8 周，与其他组相比，单独使用蓖麻 PU 支架治疗诱导了更显着的骨形成，随后使用蓖麻 PU 支架与干细胞之间的关联进行治疗。蓖麻PU支架对细胞培养无害，有利于细胞粘附和增殖，此外还能诱导骨质疏松兔的骨新生。