In this study, we provide a global view of population and processing of mitochondrial tRNAs-derived fragments (mt-tRFs) in fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Here, mt-tRFs of 15–30 nucleotides were retrieved from S. pombe small RNA libraries obtained from unstressed, stress, and during stationary phase conditions. We demonstrate that production of these fragments increase during heat stress and stationary phase conditions in S. pombe, especially (most notably) in stationary phase. Analysis of data also reveals depending on the tRNA, either 5′-mt-tRF or 3′-mt-tRF was found and major mt-tRNA processing sites have been precisely identified. Furthermore, RNA-seq reveals that inactivation of trz2 encoding S. pombe mitochondrial tRNase Z^L globally impairs mt-tRF processing. Finally, our result showed mt-tRFs were predicted to target mitochondrial genome mapping mtDNA-encoded protein gene. These observations suggest that mitochondrial tRFs may play an important regulatory role in response to stress and development.

在这项研究中，我们提供了裂殖酵母粟酒裂殖酵母中线粒体 tRNA 衍生片段 (mt-tRFs) 的种群和加工的全局视图。在这里，15-30 个核苷酸的 mt-tRF 是从S. pombe小 RNA 文库中检索到的，这些小 RNA 文库是在无压力、压力和静止期条件下获得的。我们证明这些片段的产生在粟酒裂殖酵母的热应激和固定相条件下增加，特别是（最显着）在固定相。数据分析还显示，根据 tRNA，发现了 5'-mt-tRF 或 3'-mt-tRF，并且已经精确识别了主要的 mt-tRNA 加工位点。此外，RNA-seq 揭示了编码S. pombe的trz2失活线粒体 tRNase Z ^L全面损害 mt-tRF 处理。最后，我们的结果显示 mt-tRF 被预测为靶向线粒体基因组图谱 mtDNA 编码的蛋白质基因。这些观察结果表明，线粒体 tRFs 可能在应对压力和发育方面发挥重要的调节作用。