The inflammatory potential of diet, assessed by Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern (EDIP), may play a crucial role in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, limited research on this relationship is available. We hypothesized that EDIP is positively associated with MetS and its components. This longitudinal study included 1177 participants (526 with type 1 diabetes mellitus [T1DM] and 651 without) from the Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes study. Dietary assessment and anthropometric and biochemical measurements were assessed at baseline and 14-year follow-up. MetS status was defined using the Harmonization criteria. EDIP scores were computed based on a food frequency questionnaire. Generalized linear mixed models were applied and subgroup analyses were performed by diabetes status. Mean age of study participants was 38 years and 48% were male at baseline. EDIP was positively associated with MetS (β_{T3 versus T1}=0.81, P < .01) in T1DM but not in nondiabetic controls. Of the MetS components, low HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia had positive associations with EDIP in both groups. Individuals with T1DM consumed more pro-inflammatory diets and had a greater risk of developing MetS than those without diabetes. The consumption of processed meat, red meat, high- and low- energy beverages was significantly higher in those with MetS than those without this condition (all P < .05). Reduced consumption of pro-inflammatory foods such as processed meat, red meat, sugar-sweetened beverages, and diet drinks may lower MetS risk in T1DM.

通过经验性饮食炎症模式 (EDIP) 评估的饮食的炎症潜力可能在代谢综合征 (MetS) 的发展中起关键作用。然而，关于这种关系的研究有限。我们假设 EDIP 与 MetS 及其成分呈正相关。这项纵向研究包括来自 1 型糖尿病冠状动脉钙化研究的 1177 名参与者（526 名患有 1 型糖尿病 [T1DM] 和 651 名没有）。在基线和 14 年的随访中评估了饮食评估和人体测量学和生化测量。MetS 状态是使用协调标准定义的。EDIP 分数是根据食物频率问卷计算的。应用广义线性混合模型，并根据糖尿病状态进行亚组分析。研究参与者的平均年龄为 38 岁，基线时 48% 为男性。EDIP 与 MetS 呈正相关（β_{T3 与 T1} =0.81，P < .01）在 T1DM 中，但在非糖尿病对照组中没有。在 MetS 成分中，低 HDL-C 和高甘油三酯血症与两组中的 EDIP 呈正相关。与没有糖尿病的人相比，患有 T1DM 的人消耗了更多的促炎饮食，并且患 MetS 的风险更大。MetS 患者的加工肉类、红肉、高能量和低能量饮料的消费量显着高于没有这种情况的人（所有P < .05）。减少促炎食品的消费，如加工肉类、红肉、含糖饮料和减肥饮料，可能会降低 T1DM 中的 MetS 风险。