Metals and Materials International ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-21 , DOI: 10.1007/s12540-021-00998-5 C. Suryanarayana 1, 2 , Ahmed A. Al-Joubori 3 , Zhi Wang 4
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The technique of mechanical alloying, although originally developed to produce oxide-dispersion-strengthened superalloys for aerospace and high-temperature applications, is now recognized as an important and versatile technique to synthesize metastable and advanced materials with a high potential for widespread applications. Mechanical alloying involves repeated cold welding, fracturing, and rewelding of powder particles in a high-energy ball mill. The reduced diffusion distances between metal powder layers formed as a result of heavy deformation, introduction of a high density of crystal defects, and a slight rise in powder temperature contribute to alloy formation from blended elemental powders. The type of phases/materials produced by mechanical alloying of powder mixtures include supersaturated solid solutions, intermetallics, quasicrystalline alloys, high-entropy alloys, amorphous alloys, and composites. If the material produced is crystalline in nature, most often the grain size is in the nanometer size. Amongst these phases, nanostructured materials and nanocomposites have been the most important types investigated. In this contribution, we will present an overview of the processing, characteristics, and properties of nanocrystalline materials and nanocomposites produced by mechanical alloying, with special emphasis on our recent work.
Graphical abstract
中文翻译：
机械合金化纳米结构材料和纳米复合材料：概述
机械合金化技术虽然最初开发用于生产用于航空航天和高温应用的氧化物弥散强化高温合金，但现在被认为是一种重要且通用的技术，可用于合成具有广泛应用潜力的亚稳态和先进材料。机械合金化涉及在高能球磨机中反复冷焊、破碎和重新焊接粉末颗粒。由于严重变形、引入高密度晶体缺陷和粉末温度的轻微升高而形成的金属粉末层之间的扩散距离减小，有助于从混合元素粉末形成合金。通过粉末混合物的机械合金化产生的相/材料类型包括过饱和固溶体、金属间化合物、准晶合金、高熵合金、非晶合金和复合材料。如果生产的材料本质上是结晶的，则晶粒尺寸通常为纳米尺寸。在这些相中，纳米结构材料和纳米复合材料是最重要的研究类型。在这篇文章中，我们将概述通过机械合金化生产的纳米晶材料和纳米复合材料的加工、特性和性能，并特别强调我们最近的工作。
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