Nowadays, similar strategies have been used for the treatment and prevention of acute stroke in both diabetes mellitus (DM) and non-DM populations. These strategies were analyzed to provide an experimental basis for the clinical prevention and treatment of stroke in patients both with and without DM. Tree shrews were randomly divided into control, DM, ischemic stroke (IS), and DMIS groups with 18 animals in each group. Serum biochemical indicators were used to assess metabolic status. Neural tissue damage was determined using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, H-E staining, and electron microscopy. Differential gene expression of neural tissue between the DM and control groups and the IS and DMIS groups was measured using RNA-seq analysis. The serum glucose levels of the DM and DMIS groups were significantly higher than other groups. In the DMIS group, the infarct size was significantly larger than in the IS group (19.56 ± 1.25%), with a more obvious abnormal ultrastructure of neural cells. RNA-seq analysis showed that the expression of IL-8, C–C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2), and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin was significantly higher in the DM group than in the control group. The CCL7, ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 12, and adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E2 levels were significantly higher in the DMIS group than in the IS group. For the prevention and treatment of stroke in patients with DM, reducing the inflammatory state of the nervous system may reduce the incidence of stroke and improve the prognosis of neurological function after IS.

如今，类似的策略已用于治疗和预防糖尿病 (DM) 和非 DM 人群的急性中风。对这些策略进行分析，为临床预防和治疗糖尿病和非糖尿病患者脑卒中提供实验依据。将树鼩随机分为对照组、DM组、缺血性中风(IS)组和DMIS组，每组18只。血清生化指标用于评估代谢状态。使用氯化三苯基四唑染色、HE染色和电子显微镜测定神经组织损伤。使用 RNA-seq 分析测量 DM 组和对照组以及 IS 和 DMIS 组之间神经组织的差异基因表达。DM组和DMIS组的血糖水平显着高于其他组。DMIS组梗死面积明显大于IS组（19.56±1.25%），神经细胞超微结构异常更明显。RNA-seq分析显示，DM组IL-8、C-C基序趋化因子2（CCL2）和α-1-抗胰凝乳蛋白酶的表达显着高于对照组。DMIS 组的 CCL7、ATP 结合盒亚家族 A 成员 12 和粘附 G 蛋白偶联受体 E2 水平显着高于 IS 组。对于DM患者脑卒中的预防和治疗，减轻神经系统的炎症状态可能会降低脑卒中的发生率，改善IS后神经功能的预后。