In this paper, the accretion processes of different icing types of insulators are analyzed, and the insulator icing types are creatively redefined into three types according to the characteristics of water film and icicle growth. Based on which, a new parametric method of wet-growth icing and icicles is proposed and a mathematical model of water film flowing on insulators is established. The method and model make it possible to simulate the uneven distribution of water film on insulator and precisely predict the insulator icing. The simulation results show that the water film on the insulator surface is mainly generated at the collision area of water droplets, the edge of insulator shed and the steel cap on the windward side. The overflowing water expands the icing area on the insulator surface and at the same time supplies water for the growth of icicles. The greater the wind velocity, the liquid water content of air and the median volume diameter of water droplets, the faster water film will overflows to insulator shed edge and the greater the probability of icicles.

本文分析了绝缘子不同覆冰类型的堆积过程，根据水膜和冰柱生长的特点，创造性地将绝缘子覆冰类型重新定义为三种类型。在此基础上，提出了一种新的湿生长结冰和冰柱参数化方法，建立了绝缘子上水膜流动的数学模型。该方法和模型使得模拟绝缘子上水膜的不均匀分布和精确预测绝缘子覆冰成为可能。仿真结果表明，绝缘子表面的水膜主要产生在水滴碰撞区、绝缘子伞裙边缘和迎风侧钢帽处。溢出的水扩大了绝缘子表面的结冰面积，同时为冰柱的生长提供了水分。风速越大，空气中液态水含量越大，水滴体积中值直径越大，水膜越快溢出到绝缘子棚边缘，形成冰柱的概率就越大。